Language spoken in Indonesia
Coastal Konjo |
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Native to | Indonesia |
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Region | South Sulawesi |
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Native speakers | 170,000 (2010 census)[1] |
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Language family | |
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Language codes |
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ISO 639-3 | kjc |
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Glottolog | coas1295 |
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Coastal Konjo is an Austronesian language of Sulawesi, Indonesia, which belongs to the Makassaric branch of the South Sulawesi subgroup. It is spoken along the coast in the southeastern corner of South Sulawesi in the regencies of Sinjai, Bulukumba and Bantaeng.[2][3] It is closely related to, but distinct from Highland Konjo, which also belongs to the Makassaric languages.
Phonology
The following sound inventory is based on Friberg & Friberg (1991).[4]
The vowel /a/ is realized as [ə] before geminate nasals.
Only [ŋ] and [ʔ] can appear in final position. Words with underlying final /s/, /l/ or /r/ add an echo vowel, e.g. /nipis/ ['nipisi] 'thin'.
Grammar
Personal pronouns in Coastal Konjo have one independent form, and three bound forms.[5]
Personal pronouns | free | ergative | absolutive | possessive |
1.sg./1.pl.excl. | nakke | ku- | -a | -ku |
1.pl.incl./2.honorific | gitte | ki- | -ki | -ta |
2.familiar | kau | nu- | -ko | -mu |
3. | ia | na- | -i | -na |
References
- ^ Coastal Konjo at Ethnologue (25th ed., 2022)
- ^ Grimes, C. E.; Grimes, B. E. (1987). Languages of South Sulawesi. Pacific Linguistics Series D - No. 78. Canberra: Australian National University. doi:10.15144/PL-D78. hdl:1885/145413. ISBN 0-85883-352-2.
- ^ Friberg, T.; Laskowske, T. V. (1989). "South Sulawesi Languages" (PDF). In Sneddon, J. N. (ed.). Studies in Sulawesi Linguistics Part I. NUSA 31. Jakarta: Universitas Atma Jaya. pp. 1–17.
- ^ a b c Friberg, Barbara; Friberg, Timothy (1991). "Notes on Konjo Phonology" (PDF). In Sneddon, James N. (ed.). Studies in Sulawesi Linguistics, Part II. NUSA 33. Jakarta: Universitas Atma Jaya. pp. 71–115.
- ^ Friberg, Barbara (1996). "Konjo's Peripatetic Person Markers" (PDF). In Steinhauer, Hein (ed.). Papers in Austronesian Linguistics No. 3. Canberra: Australian National University. pp. 137–171.
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- * indicates proposed status
- ? indicates classification dispute
- † indicates extinct status
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Philippine (linkage) ? | |
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Greater Barito * | |
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Greater North Borneo * | |
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Sumatran * | Northwest Sumatra –Barrier Islands | |
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Lampungic | |
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Javanese | |
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Madurese | |
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Bali–Sasak –Sumbawa | |
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Celebic | |
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South Sulawesi | |
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Isolates | |
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SHWNG | |
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Oceanic | Admiralty | |
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Saint Matthias | |
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Temotu | |
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Southeast Solomonic | Gela–Guadalcanal | |
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Malaita– San Cristobal | |
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Western Oceanic | Meso– Melanesian | Willaumez | |
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Bali-Vitu | |
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New Ireland– Northwest Solomonic | Tungag–Nalik | |
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Tabar | |
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Madak | |
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St. George | |
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Northwest Solomonic | |
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North New Guinea | |
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Papuan Tip | Nuclear | |
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Kilivila–Misima | |
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Nimoa–Sudest | |
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Southern Oceanic | North Vanuatu | |
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Nuclear Southern Oceanic | Central Vanuatu | |
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South Vanuatu | |
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Loyalties– New Caledonia | Loyalty Islands | |
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New Caledonian | |
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Micronesian | |
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Central Pacific | |
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- * indicates proposed status
- ? indicates classification dispute
- † indicates extinct status
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