Kullui

Indo-Aryan language spoken in India

Kullui
𑚊𑚰𑚥𑚷𑚱𑚃, कुळूई, kuḷūī
Kuḷūī written in Takri Script
Native to	India
Region	Himachal Pradesh
Native speakers	196,295 (2011)[1]
Language family	Indo-European Indo-Iranian Indo-Aryan Northern Western Pahari Kullui
Writing system	Takri, Devanagari
Language codes
ISO 639-3	kfx
Glottolog	kull1236
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Kullui (Kullū, also known as Kulvi, Takri: 𑚊𑚰𑚥𑚷𑚱𑚃/𑚊𑚰𑚥𑚷𑚱𑚦𑚯) is a Western Pahari language spoken in the Kullu District of the Indian state of Himachal Pradesh.

Wiktionary has a category on Kullu Pahari language.

Phonology

Consonants

For the stops and affricates there is a four-way distinction in phonation between tenuis /p/, voiced /b/, aspirated /pʰ/ and breathy voiced /bʱ/ series. Thakur (1975, pp. 175–8) lists as separate phonemes aspirated correlates of /ŋ/, /n/, /m/, /j/, /r/, /ɽ/, /l/ and /ɭ/, but describes the aspiration as a voiceless pharyngeal friction. /n̪/ is dental, but becomes alveolar if the next syllable contains a retroflex consonant. /ŋ/ and /ɲ/ are rare, but contrast with the other nasals word-medially between vowels. /ɳ/, /ɭ/ and /ɽ/, together with their aspirated correlates, don't occur in the beginning of words.^[2] The glottal stop occurs only between a vowel and /ɳ/, /n/, /r/ or /l/, e.g. [kɑːʔɭ] "a trumpet", which contrasts with [kɑːɭ] "famine". The pharyngeal fricative /ħ/ historically derives from /s/ and occurs word-finally, e.g. [ɡʱɑːħ] "grass", [biːħ] "twenty".^[3]

Script

The native script of the language is a variety of the Takri script.

Status

The language is commonly called Pahari or Himachali.^{[citation needed]} The language has no official status. According to the United Nations Education, Scientific and Cultural Organisation (UNESCO), the language is of definitely endangered category, i.e. many Kulluvi children are not learning Kulluvi as their mother tongue any longer.^[4]

Notes

Bibliography

• Thakur, Mauluram (1975), Pahāṛī bhāṣā, Delhi: Sanmarg Prakashan

External links

• Pahari-languages.ru, a Kullui documentation project