MX1

Mammalian protein found in Homo sapiens

MX1

Available structures

PDB

Ortholog search: PDBe RCSB

List of PDB id codes
3LJB, 3SZR, 3ZYS, 4P4S, 4P4T, 4P4U

Identifiers

Aliases

MX1, IFI-78K, IFI78, MX, MxA, MX dynamin like GTPase 1, lncMX1-215

External IDs

OMIM: 147150 MGI: 97244 HomoloGene: 1844 GeneCards: MX1

Gene location (Human)

Chr.	Chromosome 21 (human)^[1]

Band	21q22.3	Start	41,420,020 bp^[1]
Band	21q22.3	End	41,470,071 bp^[1]

Gene location (Mouse)

Chr.	Chromosome 16 (mouse)^[2]

Band	16 C4\|16 57.51 cM	Start	97,336,508 bp^[2]
Band	16 C4\|16 57.51 cM	End	97,362,100 bp^[2]

RNA expression pattern

Bgee

Human

Mouse (ortholog)

Top expressed in

trigeminal ganglion

spinal ganglia

palpebral conjunctiva

monocyte

spleen

human penis

right uterine tube

gallbladder

gums

pericardium

Top expressed in

surface ectoderm

duodenum

thymus

yolk sac

liver

islet of Langerhans

bone marrow

spleen

entorhinal cortex

jejunum

More reference expression data

BioGPS


More reference expression data

Gene ontology
Molecular function	nucleotide binding GTP binding protein binding GTPase activity microtubule binding identical protein binding
Cellular component	cytoplasm cytosol nuclear membrane endoplasmic reticulum membrane membrane endoplasmic reticulum perinuclear region of cytoplasm nucleus mitochondrial membranes
Biological process	defense response immune system process response to virus type I interferon signaling pathway innate immune response signal transduction apoptotic process response to type I interferon negative regulation of viral genome replication mitochondrial fission dynamin family protein polymerization involved in mitochondrial fission membrane fusion defense response to virus
Sources:Amigo / QuickGO

Orthologs

Species

Human

Mouse

Entrez


4599


17858

Ensembl


ENSG00000157601


ENSMUSG00000023341

UniProt


P20591


Q9WVP9

RefSeq (mRNA)


NM_001144925 NM_001178046 NM_001282920 NM_002462


NM_013606

RefSeq (protein)


NP_001138397 NP_001171517 NP_001269849 NP_002453


NP_038634

Location (UCSC)

Chr 21: 41.42 – 41.47 Mb

Chr 16: 97.34 – 97.36 Mb

PubMed search

^[3]

^[4]

Wikidata

View/Edit Human

View/Edit Mouse

Interferon-induced GTP-binding protein Mx1 is a protein that in humans is encoded by the MX1 gene.^[5]^[6]

In mice, the interferon-inducible Mx protein is responsible for a specific antiviral state against influenza virus infection. Furthermore, the human orthologue MxA is a major determinant for influenza viruses of animal origin.^[7] The protein encoded by this gene is similar to the mouse protein as determined by its antigenic relatedness, induction conditions, physicochemical properties, and amino acid analysis. This cytoplasmic protein is a member of both the dynamin superfamily and the family of large GTPases.^[6]

References

^ ^a ^b ^c GRCh38: Ensembl release 89: ENSG00000157601 – Ensembl, May 2017
^ ^a ^b ^c GRCm38: Ensembl release 89: ENSMUSG00000023341 – Ensembl, May 2017
^ "Human PubMed Reference:". National Center for Biotechnology Information, U.S. National Library of Medicine.
^ "Mouse PubMed Reference:". National Center for Biotechnology Information, U.S. National Library of Medicine.
^ Haller O, Staeheli P, Kochs G (Jul 2007). "Interferon-induced Mx proteins in antiviral host defense". Biochimie. 89 (6–7): 812–8. doi:10.1016/j.biochi.2007.04.015. PMID 17570575.
^ ^a ^b "Entrez Gene: MX1 myxovirus (influenza virus) resistance 1, interferon-inducible protein p78 (mouse)".
^ Ciminski, Kevin; Chase, Geoffrey; Beer, Martin; Schwemmle, Martin (2021). "Influenza A Viruses: Understanding Human Host Determinants". Trends in Molecular Medicine. 27 (2): 104–112. doi:10.1016/j.molmed.2020.09.014. PMID 33097424. S2CID 225058479.

Pavlovic J, Haller O, Staeheli P (1992). "Human and mouse Mx proteins inhibit different steps of the influenza virus multiplication cycle". J. Virol. 66 (4): 2564–9. doi:10.1128/JVI.66.4.2564-2569.1992. PMC 289059. PMID 1548781.
Horisberger MA (1992). "Interferon-induced human protein MxA is a GTPase which binds transiently to cellular proteins". J. Virol. 66 (8): 4705–9. doi:10.1128/JVI.66.8.4705-4709.1992. PMC 241296. PMID 1629950.
Petersen MB, Slaugenhaupt SA, Lewis JG, et al. (1991). "A genetic linkage map of 27 markers on human chromosome 21". Genomics. 9 (3): 407–19. doi:10.1016/0888-7543(91)90406-5. PMID 1674496.
Horisberger MA, McMaster GK, Zeller H, et al. (1990). "Cloning and sequence analyses of cDNAs for interferon- and virus-induced human Mx proteins reveal that they contain putative guanine nucleotide-binding sites: functional study of the corresponding gene promoter". J. Virol. 64 (3): 1171–81. doi:10.1128/JVI.64.3.1171-1181.1990. PMC 249231. PMID 2154602.
Pavlovic J, Zürcher T, Haller O, Staeheli P (1990). "Resistance to influenza virus and vesicular stomatitis virus conferred by expression of human MxA protein". J. Virol. 64 (7): 3370–5. doi:10.1128/JVI.64.7.3370-3375.1990. PMC 249583. PMID 2161946.
Aebi M, Fäh J, Hurt N, et al. (1990). "cDNA structures and regulation of two interferon-induced human Mx proteins". Mol. Cell. Biol. 9 (11): 5062–72. doi:10.1128/mcb.9.11.5062. PMC 363658. PMID 2481229.
Weitz G, Bekisz J, Zoon K, Arnheiter H (1990). "Purification and characterization of a human Mx protein". J. Interferon Res. 9 (6): 679–89. doi:10.1089/jir.1989.9.679. PMID 2607176.
Maruyama K, Sugano S (1994). "Oligo-capping: a simple method to replace the cap structure of eukaryotic mRNAs with oligoribonucleotides". Gene. 138 (1–2): 171–4. doi:10.1016/0378-1119(94)90802-8. PMID 8125298.
Melén K, Keskinen P, Ronni T, et al. (1996). "Human MxB protein, an interferon-alpha-inducible GTPase, contains a nuclear targeting signal and is localized in the heterochromatin region beneath the nuclear envelope". J. Biol. Chem. 271 (38): 23478–86. doi:10.1074/jbc.271.38.23478. PMID 8798556.
Ponten A, Sick C, Weeber M, et al. (1997). "Dominant-negative mutants of human MxA protein: domains in the carboxy-terminal moiety are important for oligomerization and antiviral activity". J. Virol. 71 (4): 2591–9. doi:10.1128/JVI.71.4.2591-2599.1997. PMC 191379. PMID 9060610.
Fernández M, Quiroga JA, Martín J, et al. (1997). "Impaired interferon induction of human MxA protein in chronic hepatitis B virus infection". J. Med. Virol. 51 (4): 332–7. doi:10.1002/(SICI)1096-9071(199704)51:4<332::AID-JMV12>3.0.CO;2-K. PMID 9093949. S2CID 12578068.
Suzuki Y, Yoshitomo-Nakagawa K, Maruyama K, et al. (1997). "Construction and characterization of a full length-enriched and a 5'-end-enriched cDNA library". Gene. 200 (1–2): 149–56. doi:10.1016/S0378-1119(97)00411-3. PMID 9373149.
Li Y, Youssoufian H (1998). "MxA overexpression reveals a common genetic link in four Fanconi anemia complementation groups". J. Clin. Invest. 100 (11): 2873–80. doi:10.1172/JCI119836. PMC 508494. PMID 9389754.
Kochs G, Trost M, Janzen C, Haller O (1998). "MxA GTPase: oligomerization and GTP-dependent interaction with viral RNP target structures". Methods. 15 (3): 255–63. doi:10.1006/meth.1998.0629. PMID 9735310.
Weber F, Haller O, Kochs G (2000). "MxA GTPase blocks reporter gene expression of reconstituted Thogoto virus ribonucleoprotein complexes". J. Virol. 74 (1): 560–3. doi:10.1128/JVI.74.1.560-563.2000. PMC 111572. PMID 10590150.
Hattori M, Fujiyama A, Taylor TD, et al. (2000). "The DNA sequence of human chromosome 21". Nature. 405 (6784): 311–9. Bibcode:2000Natur.405..311H. doi:10.1038/35012518. PMID 10830953.
Hijikata M, Ohta Y, Mishiro S (2000). "Identification of a single nucleotide polymorphism in the MxA gene promoter (G/T at nt -88) correlated with the response of hepatitis C patients to interferon". Intervirology. 43 (2): 124–7. doi:10.1159/000025035. PMID 10971132. S2CID 19445539.
Engelhardt OG, Ullrich E, Kochs G, Haller O (2002). "Interferon-induced antiviral Mx1 GTPase is associated with components of the SUMO-1 system and promyelocytic leukemia protein nuclear bodies". Exp. Cell Res. 271 (2): 286–95. doi:10.1006/excr.2001.5380. PMID 11716541.
Hijikata M, Mishiro S, Miyamoto C, et al. (2002). "Genetic polymorphism of the MxA gene promoter and interferon responsiveness of hepatitis C patients: revisited by analyzing two SNP sites (-123 and -88) in vivo and in vitro". Intervirology. 44 (6): 379–82. doi:10.1159/000050075. PMID 11805446. S2CID 46752867.
Kochs G, Haener M, Aebi U, Haller O (2002). "Self-assembly of human MxA GTPase into highly ordered dynamin-like oligomers". J. Biol. Chem. 277 (16): 14172–6. doi:10.1074/jbc.M200244200. PMID 11847228.