List of works by Christopher Wren
Sir Christopher Wren was one of the most highly acclaimed English architects in history, as well as an anatomist, astronomer, geometer, and mathematician-physicist.[1] He was accorded responsibility for rebuilding 52 churches in the City of London after the Great Fire in 1666, including what is regarded as his masterpiece, St Paul's Cathedral, on Ludgate Hill, completed in 1710.[2]
According to Kerry Downes, "there is considerable evidence that Wren," by the end of the 17th century, "delegated particular projects to [Nicholas] Hawksmoor." The nature and extent of Wren's involvement in the designs his office produced towards the end of his career is debated by scholars.[3]
Built works
Extant works
Image | Name | Location | Date | Listing | Comment | Coordinates |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Pembroke College Chapel | Pembroke College, Cambridge | 1663–65 | Grade I (1950) 1125509 | Chancel arch and extra bay added by George Gilbert Scott in 1880 | 52°12′06″N 0°07′07″E / 52.20156°N 0.11866°E / 52.20156; 0.11866 | |
Sheldonian Theatre | University of Oxford, Oxford | 1664–69 | Grade I (1954) 1047350 | 51°45′16″N 1°15′18″W / 51.75436°N 1.25501°W / 51.75436; -1.25501 | ||
Emmanuel College Chapel | Emmanuel College, Cambridge | 1666 | Grade I (1950) 1332193 | 52°12′14″N 0°07′28″E / 52.20384°N 0.12433°E / 52.20384; 0.12433 | ||
North Building, Garden Quadrangle | Trinity College, Oxford | 1665–1668 | Grade I (1954) 1046624 | Attributed to Wren,[4] an additional floor was later added | 51°45′21″N 1°15′27″W / 51.75574°N 1.25750°W / 51.75574; -1.25750 | |
Temple Bar Gate | Fleet Street, St James's, City of Westminster[Note 1] | 1669 | Grade I (2010) 1393844 | 51°30′49″N 0°06′43″W / 51.513611°N 0.111944°W / 51.513611; -0.111944 | ||
St Michael, Cornhill | Cornhill, Cornhill, City of London | 1669–72 | Grade I (1950) 1286688 | Survived in original form; portions of the tower designed by Hawksmoor | 51°30′47.50″N 0°5′7.68″W / 51.5131944°N 0.0854667°W / 51.5131944; -0.0854667 | |
Alterations to Longleat | Wiltshire | 1670 | Grade I (1968) 1364361 | 51°11′11″N 2°16′31″W / 51.18647°N 2.27530°W / 51.18647; -2.27530 | ||
St Mary-at-Hill | Lovat Lane, Billingsgate, City of London | 1670–76 | Grade I (1950) 1064600 | Substantially altered in 1787–88 and 1826–27 | 51°30′36″N 0°05′01″W / 51.510069°N 0.08374°W / 51.510069; -0.08374 | |
St Edmund, King and Martyr | Lombard Street, Langbourn, City of London | 1670–79 | Grade I (1950) 1064631 | Survived in original form | 51°30′44.62″N 0°5′10.68″W / 51.5123944°N 0.0863000°W / 51.5123944; -0.0863000 | |
St Mary-le-Bow | Cheapside, Cordwainer, City of London | 1670–83 | Grade I (1950) 1064696 | Substantially rebuilt after the Blitz | 51°30′50″N 0°05′37″W / 51.51389°N 0.09361°W / 51.51389; -0.09361 | |
St Bride's Church | Fleet Street, Castle Baynard, City of London | 1670–84 | Grade I (1950) 1064657 | Substantially rebuilt after the Blitz | 51°30′50″N 0°6′21″W / 51.51389°N 0.10583°W / 51.51389; -0.10583 | |
St Lawrence Jewry | Gresham Street, Cheap, City of London | 1670–86 | Grade I (1950) 1064673 | Substantially rebuilt after the Blitz | 51°30′55″N 0°05′33″W / 51.5152°N 0.0925°W / 51.5152; -0.0925 | |
St Vedast Foster Lane | Foster Lane, Cheap, City of London | 1670–97 | Grade I (1950) 1064666 | Substantially rebuilt after the Blitz | 51°30′53.56″N 0°5′46.08″W / 51.5148778°N 0.0961333°W / 51.5148778; -0.0961333 | |
The Monument | Bridge, City of London | 1671–77 | Grade I (1950) 1193901 | 51°30′53.56″N 0°5′46.08″W / 51.5148778°N 0.0961333°W / 51.5148778; -0.0961333 | ||
St Nicholas Cole Abbey | Queen Victoria Street, Bread Street Ward, City of London | 1671–81 | Grade I (1950) 1079146 | Substantially rebuilt after the Blitz | 51°30′43″N 0°5′48″W / 51.51194°N 0.09667°W / 51.51194; -0.09667 | |
St Magnus-the-Martyr | Lower Thames Street, Bridge, City of London | 1671–87 | Grade I (1950) 1064601 | Altered after London Bridge was widened in 1762[5] | 51°30′33.41″N 0°5′10.81″W / 51.5092806°N 0.0863361°W / 51.5092806; -0.0863361 | |
St Stephen Walbrook | Walbrook, Walbrook, City of London | 1672–79 | Grade I (1950) 1285320 | Survived in original form | 51°30′45.46″N 0°5′23.71″W / 51.5126278°N 0.0899194°W / 51.5126278; -0.0899194 | |
Wren Library | Lincoln Cathedral, Lincoln | 1674–76 | Grade I (1953) 1388680 | 53°14′05″N 0°32′09″W / 53.2348°N 0.5358°W / 53.2348; -0.5358 | ||
Pedestal, Statue of Charles I[6] | Charing Cross, City of Westminster | 1675–76 | Grade I (1970) 1357291 | Plinth ultimately executed by sculptor Joshua Marshall.[7][6] | ||
Flamsteed House, Royal Observatory, Greenwich | Greenwich, Royal Borough of Greenwich | 1675–76 | Grade I (1973) 1358976 | 51°28′41″N 0°00′07″W / 51.47799°N 0.00195°W / 51.47799; -0.00195 | ||
St Paul's Cathedral | St Paul's Churchyard, Castle Baynard, City of London | 1675–1711 | Grade I (1950) 1079157 | Survived in original form | 51°30′49″N 0°05′53″W / 51.51361°N 0.09806°W / 51.51361; -0.09806 | |
St James Garlickhythe | Garlick Hill, Vintry, City of London | 1676–83 | Grade I (1950) 1064669 | Spire by Hawksmoor;[8] survived in original form | 51°30′39.99″N 0°5′37.54″W / 51.5111083°N 0.0937611°W / 51.5111083; -0.0937611 | |
St James's Church, Piccadilly | Piccadilly, St James's, City of Westminster | 1676–84 | Grade I (1958) 1226621 | Destroyed in 1940; restored in 1947–54 after the Blitz | 51°30′31″N 0°8′12″W / 51.50861°N 0.13667°W / 51.50861; -0.13667 | |
Wren Library | Nevile's Court, Trinity College, Cambridge | 1676–95 | Grade I (1950) 1106371 | 52°12′26″N 0°06′54″E / 52.2071°N 0.1149°E / 52.2071; 0.1149 | ||
King's Bench Walk | Temple, London | 1677–78 | Grade I (1950) 1193156 | 51°30′47″N 0°06′33″W / 51.513194°N 0.109194°W / 51.513194; -0.109194 | ||
St Benet's, Paul's Wharf | Queen Victoria Street, Queenhithe, City of London | 1677–83 | Grade I (1950) 1180700 | Survived in original form | 51°30′42.01″N 0°5′57.38″W / 51.5116694°N 0.0992722°W / 51.5116694; -0.0992722 | |
St Martin, Ludgate | Ludgate Hill, Farringdon Within, City of London | 1677–84 | Grade I (1950) 1359194 | Survived in original form | 51°30′50.55″N 0°6′6.99″W / 51.5140417°N 0.1019417°W / 51.5140417; -0.1019417 | |
St Peter upon Cornhill | Cornhill, Cornhill, City of London | 1677–84 | Grade I (1950) 1192245 | Survived in original form | 51°30′47.7″N 0°5′4.5″W / 51.513250°N 0.084583°W / 51.513250; -0.084583 | |
St Anne and St Agnes | Gresham Street, Aldersgate, City of London | 1676–87 | Grade I (1950) 1286384 | Substantially rebuilt after the Blitz; rededicated in 1966 | 51°30′59″N 0°5′47″W / 51.51639°N 0.09639°W / 51.51639; -0.09639 | |
St Mary Aldermary | Queen Victoria Street, Cordwainer, City of London | 1679–82 | Grade I (1950) 1079145 | Survived in original form; Victorian alterations to the interior made 1876–7[9] | 51°30′46″N 0°05′36″W / 51.51278°N 0.09333°W / 51.51278; -0.09333 | |
St Clement Danes | The Strand, City of Westminster | 1680–82 | Grade I (1958) 1237099 | Destroyed in 1941; reconsecrated in 1958 after the Blitz. | 51°30′47″N 0°06′50″W / 51.513107°N 0.113898°W / 51.513107; -0.113898 | |
Tom Tower, Christ Church, Oxford | Christ Church, Oxford | 1681–82 | Grade I (1984) 1198760 | 51°45′00″N 1°15′24″W / 51.75°N 1.256667°W / 51.75; -1.256667 | ||
St Mary Abchurch | Abchurch Lane, Candlewick, City of London | 1681–86 | Grade I (1950) 1359119 | Survived in original form; dome painted in 1708 | 51°30′42.02″N 0°5′18.05″W / 51.5116722°N 0.0883472°W / 51.5116722; -0.0883472 | |
Royal Hospital Chelsea | Royal Borough of Kensington and Chelsea | 1681–1692 | Grade I (1969) 1226301 | 51°29′15″N 0°09′30″W / 51.487414°N 0.158244°W / 51.487414; -0.158244 | ||
Interior of Temple Church | Fleet Street, Farringdon Without, City of London | 1682–83 | Grade I (1950) 1064646 | During the restoration after the Blitz Wren's wooden altar was discovered in a museum and was restored to its original position | 51°30′47.52″N 0°06′37.44″W / 51.5132000°N 0.1104000°W / 51.5132000; -0.1104000 | |
St Clement's, Eastcheap | Clement's Lane, Candlewick, City of London | 1683–87 | Grade I (1950) 1064699 | Survived in original form | 51°30′40.77″N 0°5′12.81″W / 51.5113250°N 0.0868917°W / 51.5113250; -0.0868917 | |
St Margaret Pattens | Eastcheap, Billingsgate, City of London | 1684–87 | Grade I (1950) 1286593 | Survived in original form | 51°30′38.75″N 0°4′58.74″W / 51.5107639°N 0.0829833°W / 51.5107639; -0.0829833 | |
St Michael Paternoster Royal | College Hill, Dowgate, City of London | 1686–94 | Grade I (1950) 1286707 | Spire by Hawksmoor.[8] Substantially rebuilt after the Blitz; restored in 1966–8 | 51°30′40.22″N 0°5′31.76″W / 51.5111722°N 0.0921556°W / 51.5111722; -0.0921556 | |
St Andrew-by-the-Wardrobe | Queen Victoria Street, Castle Baynard, City of London | 1685–95 | Grade I (1950) 1079148 | Substantially rebuilt after the Blitz; rededicated in 1961 | 51°30′44.44″N 0°6′4.89″W / 51.5123444°N 0.1013583°W / 51.5123444; -0.1013583 | |
St Margaret Lothbury | Lothbury, Coleman Street Ward and Broad Street Ward, City of London | 1686–90 | Grade I (1950) 1064634 | Survived in original form | 51°30′52.91″N 0°5′19.92″W / 51.5146972°N 0.0888667°W / 51.5146972; -0.0888667 | |
St Andrew, Holborn | Holborn Viaduct, Farringdon Without, City of London | 1686–87 | Grade I (1950) 1064643 | Substantially rebuilt after the Blitz; re-opened in 1961 | 51°31′2.10″N 0°6′24.14″W / 51.5172500°N 0.1067056°W / 51.5172500; -0.1067056 | |
Kensington Palace | Royal Borough of Kensington and Chelsea, London | 1689 | Grade I (1969) 1223861 | Wren expanded the existing Nottingham House, built in 1605 | 51°30′18″N 0°11′15″W / 51.50492°N 0.18752°W / 51.50492; -0.18752 | |
Windsor Guildhall | Windsor, Berkshire | 1689 | Grade I (1950) 1117752 | Wren completed the structure, which had begun under the direction of Sir Thomas Fitz[8] | 51°28′56″N 0°36′26″W / 51.48215°N 0.60709°W / 51.48215; -0.60709 | |
Sir John Moore Church of England Primary School | Appleby Magna, Leicestershire | 1693–97 | Grade I (1952) 1177850 | 52°40′45″N 1°32′15″W / 52.67913°N 1.53750°W / 52.67913; -1.53750 | ||
Hampton Court Palace | London Borough of Richmond upon Thames | 1689 | Grade I (1952) 1193127 | 51°24′11″N 0°20′13″W / 51.40316°N 0.33691°W / 51.40316; -0.33691 | ||
King William Court, Greenwich Hospital | Greenwich, Royal Borough of Greenwich | 1698–1703 | Grade I (1973) 1211426 | West front added by John Vanbrugh in 1728.[10] | 51°28′57″N 0°00′21″W / 51.48262°N 0.0057°W / 51.48262; -0.0057 | |
Queen Mary Court, Greenwich Hospital | Greenwich, Royal Borough of Greenwich | 1699–1728 | Grade I (1973) 1211384 | Completed by John Vanbrugh 1728.[11] | 51°28′59″N 0°00′16″W / 51.48303°N 0.00454°W / 51.48303; -0.00454 | |
Queen Anne Court, Greenwich Hospital | Greenwich, Royal Borough of Greenwich | 1699–1750 | Grade I (1973) 1290044 | 51°29′02″N 0°00′18″W / 51.48400°N 0.0050°W / 51.48400; -0.0050 | ||
Extension to the State Apartments[12] | St James's Palace, St James's, City of Westminster | 1702 | Grade I (1970) 1264851 | 51°30′15″N 0°08′16″W / 51.50413°N 0.13783°W / 51.50413; -0.13783 | ||
Marlborough House | St James's, City of Westminster | 1711 | Grade I (1970) 1331701 | Additional storeys later added | 51°30′18″N 0°08′10″W / 51.50504°N 0.13610°W / 51.50504; -0.13610 | |
Chapter House | St Paul's Churchyard, Castle Baynard, City of London | 1712–1714 | Grade II* (1950) 1358896 | Severely damaged in the Blitz; reconstructed in 1957[13] | 51°30′52″N 0°05′57″W / 51.51431°N 0.09903°W / 51.51431; -0.09903 |
Partially extant works
Image | Name | Location | Date | Listing | Comment | Coordinates |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
St Olave Old Jewry | Ironmonger Lane, Walbrook, City of London | 1670–79 | Grade I (1950) | Body of the church was demolished in 1887. Tower is part of an office building. | 51°30′52.15″N 0°5′28.70″W / 51.5144861°N 0.0913056°W / 51.5144861; -0.0913056 | |
Christ Church Greyfriars | Newgate Street, Farringdon Within, City of London | 1677–91 | Grade I (1950) | Destroyed in the Blitz. The ruins are a public garden; the tower is a private residence for Jimmy | 51°30′56.94″N 0°5′56.93″W / 51.5158167°N 0.0991472°W / 51.5158167; -0.0991472 | |
St Augustine Watling Street | Watling Street, Bread Street Ward, City of London | 1680–87 | Grade I (1950) | Destroyed in the Blitz. Tower part of St Paul's Cathedral Choir School | 51°30′48.52″N 00°05′49.00″W / 51.5134778°N 0.0969444°W / 51.5134778; -0.0969444 | |
St Alban's, Wood Street | Wood Street, Bassishaw, City of London | 1682–87 | Grade II (1950) | Destroyed in the Blitz. The tower is a private dwelling | 51°30′59.69″N 0°5′38.95″W / 51.5165806°N 0.0941528°W / 51.5165806; -0.0941528 | |
St Mary Somerset | Upper Thames Street, Queenhithe, City of London | 1686–94 | Grade I (1950) | Body of the church demolished in 1871. Tower surrounded by small garden | 51°30′40.92″N 0°5′48.80″W / 51.5113667°N 0.0968889°W / 51.5113667; -0.0968889 | |
St Dunstan-in-the-East | St Dunstan's Hill, Billingsgate, City of London | 1698 | Grade I (1950) | Rebuilt in 1817–21, but destroyed in the Blitz. Ruins are a public garden | 51°30′34.82″N 0°4′57.80″W / 51.5096722°N 0.0827222°W / 51.5096722; -0.0827222 |
Demolished or destroyed works
Image | Name | Location | Date | Comment | Coordinates |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Screen, St John's College Chapel[14] | St John's College, Oxford | c. 1670–73 | Dismantled in 1843 and fragments moved to Painswick House | 51°45′23″N 1°15′31″W / 51.75633°N 1.25860°W / 51.75633; -1.25860 | |
St Christopher le Stocks | Threadneedle Street, Broad Street Ward, City of London | 1670–71 | Demolished in 1782 to provide space for the extension of the Bank of England | 51°30′51″N 0°05′19″W / 51.5141°N 0.0886°W / 51.5141; -0.0886 | |
St Mary Aldermanbury | Aldermanbury, Bassishaw, City of London | 1670–74 | Ruined in 1940, and the stones transported to Fulton, Missouri in 1964. Rebuilt as a memorial to Sir Winston Churchill | 51°30′59.34″N 0°5′35.06″W / 51.5164833°N 0.0930722°W / 51.5164833; -0.0930722 | |
St Michael Wood Street | Wood Street, Cripplegate, City of London | 1670–75 | Demolished in 1897 due to the Union of Benefices Act 1860 | 51°30′56″N 0°5′41.5″W / 51.51556°N 0.094861°W / 51.51556; -0.094861 | |
St Benet Fink | Threadneedle Street, Broad Street Ward, City of London | 1670–75 | Demolished between 1841 and 1846 to improve the site of the Royal Exchange | 51°30′50″N 0°5′10″W / 51.51389°N 0.08611°W / 51.51389; -0.08611 | |
St Dionis Backchurch | Fenchurch Street, Langbourn, City of London | 1670–77 | Demolished in 1878 due to the Union of Benefices Act 1860 | 51°30′43″N 0°5′2″W / 51.51194°N 0.08389°W / 51.51194; -0.08389 | |
St Mildred, Poultry | Poultry, Cheap, City of London | 1670–77 | Demolished in 1872 due to the Union of Benefices Act 1860 | 51°30′49″N 0°5′24″W / 51.51361°N 0.09000°W / 51.51361; -0.09000 | |
St George Botolph Lane | Botolph Lane, Billingsgate, City of London | 1671–76 | Demolished in 1904 after being judged structurally unsafe and closed 1901 | 51°30′38″N 0°5′7″W / 51.51056°N 0.08528°W / 51.51056; -0.08528 | |
Addition to Richmond House[15] | Whitehall, City of Westminster | c. 1672 | Burned in 1791 | ||
Extension and grotto[16] | Privy Garden, Palace of Whitehall, City of Westminster | 1673–75 | Burned in 1698 | ||
Lodgings for the Duke of York[12] | St James's Palace, St James's, City of Westminster | c. 1673 | Demolished c. 1703 | ||
St Michael Bassishaw | Basinghall Street, Bassishaw, City of London | 1675–79 | Demolished in 1900 after being judged structurally unsafe in 1892 | 51°31′0.1″N 0°5′30″W / 51.516694°N 0.09167°W / 51.516694; -0.09167 | |
St Bartholomew-by-the-Exchange | Bartholomew Lane, Broad Street Ward, City of London | 1675–83 | Demolished in 1840 to provide space for the widening of Threadneedle Street | 51°30′50″N 0°05′14″W / 51.51376°N 0.0873°W / 51.51376; -0.0873 | |
Renovation of the Chapel Royal[16] | Palace of Whitehall, City of Westminster | 1676 | Burned in 1698 | ||
St Stephen Coleman Street | Coleman Street, Coleman Street Ward, City of London | 1677 | Destroyed in the Blitz and demolished in 1940 | 51°30′56″N 0°05′25″W / 51.5155°N 0.0904°W / 51.5155; -0.0904 | |
St Mildred, Bread Street | Bread Street, Bread Street Ward, City of London | 1677–83 | Destroyed in the Blitz and demolished in 1941 | 51°30′44″N 0°05′43″W / 51.5123°N 0.0952°W / 51.5123; -0.0952 | |
St Anne's Church, Soho | Dean Street, Soho, City of Westminster | 1677–85 | The body of the church by Wren and William Talman was destroyed in the Blitz and later totally demolished; the preserved tower was built by S.P. Cockerell in 1801–03 | 51°30′45″N 0°07′56″W / 51.5124°N 0.1323°W / 51.5124; -0.1323 | |
St Michael Queenhithe | Upper Thames Street, Queenhithe, City of London | 1676–86 | Demolished in 1876 due to the Union of Benefices Act 1860 | 51°30′40″N 0°5′42″W / 51.51111°N 0.09500°W / 51.51111; -0.09500 | |
All-Hallows-the-Great | Upper Thames Street, Dowgate, City of London | 1677–84 | Demolished in 1894 due to the Union of Benefices Act 1860 | 51°30′36″N 0°05′25″W / 51.5100°N 0.0902°W / 51.5100; -0.0902 | |
St Swithin, London Stone | Cannon Street, Walbrook, City of London | 1678 | Destroyed in the Blitz and demolished in 1962 | 51°30′42″N 0°5′22″W / 51.51167°N 0.08944°W / 51.51167; -0.08944 | |
St Antholin, Budge Row | Watling Street, Cordwainer, City of London | 1678–84 | Demolished in 1875 due to the Union of Benefices Act 1860 | 51°30′45″N 0°05′31″W / 51.51250°N 0.09194°W / 51.51250; -0.09194 | |
St Benet Gracechurch | Gracechurch Street, Bridge, City of London | 1681–87 | Demolished in 1868 due to the Union of Benefices Act 1860 | 51°30′42″N 0°5′6″W / 51.51167°N 0.08500°W / 51.51167; -0.08500 | |
All Hallows Bread Street | Bread Street, Bread Street Ward, City of London | 1681–98 | Demolished in 1878 due to the Union of Benefices Act 1860 | 51°30′47″N 0°05′42″W / 51.5131°N 0.0951°W / 51.5131; -0.0951 | |
King's House, Winchester | Hampshire | 1682–1685 | Work on the structure was never completed; the building was ultimately converted into barracks and gutted by fire in 1894[17] | 51°03′43″N 1°19′16″W / 51.062°N 1.321°W / 51.062; -1.321 | |
St Matthew Friday Street | Friday Street, Bread Street Ward, City of London | 1682–85 | Demolished in 1885 due to the Union of Benefices Act 1860 | 51°30′49″N 0°5′44″W / 51.51361°N 0.09556°W / 51.51361; -0.09556 | |
Privy Garden Range[16] | Palace of Whitehall, City of Westminster | 1685 | Burned in 1698 | ||
Roman Catholic Chapel[16] | Palace of Whitehall, City of Westminster | 1685–86 | Burned in 1698 | ||
All Hallows Lombard Street | Lombard Street, Langbourn, City of London | 1686–94 | Demolished in 1939, with the tower and interior fittings moved to All Hallows Twickenham | 51°30′39.09″N 0°5′5.84″W / 51.5108583°N 0.0849556°W / 51.5108583; -0.0849556 | |
St Mary Magdalen Old Fish Street | Old Change, Castle Baynard, City of London | 1683–87 | Demolished in 1893 due to the Union of Benefices Act 1860 | 51°30′45″N 0°5′51″W / 51.51250°N 0.09750°W / 51.51250; -0.09750 | |
St Michael, Crooked Lane | Miles's Lane, Candlewick, City of London | 1687 | Demolished in 1831: wider approaches were needed for the rebuilt London Bridge | 51°30′39″N 0°05′14″W / 51.51070°N 0.087280°W / 51.51070; -0.087280 | |
College of Physicians, Warwick Lane | 1688–89 | Destroyed 1866 | 51°30′56″N 0°06′04″W / 51.51547°N 0.10103°W / 51.51547; -0.10103 | ||
Library for Thomas Tenison | 1688 | Demolished for the building of the National Gallery | |||
Queen's Privy Lodgings[16] | Palace of Whitehall, City of Westminster | 1688 | Burned in 1698 | ||
River Terrace Garden[16] | Palace of Whitehall, City of Westminster | 1691 | |||
Writing School, Christ's Hospital | Newgate Street, Farringdon Within, City of London | 1692–95 | Draughtsmanship and style consistent with Hawksmoor, who may have been involved; demolished in 1902[18][3] | ||
Remodelling of the House of Commons | St Stephen's Chapel, Old Palace of Westminster, City of Westminster | 1692 | Burned in 1834[19] | ||
Gallery for the House of Lords | Old Palace of Westminster, City of Westminster | 1704 | Dismantled in 1711[19] |
Unbuilt works
Image | Name | Location | Designed | Notes |
---|---|---|---|---|
Early scheme for rebuilding Whitehall Palace[20] | 1660s | |||
Remodelling of Old St Paul's Cathedral | St Paul's Churchyard, Castle Baynard, City of London | 1666 | Old St Paul's Cathedral was severely damaged by the Great Fire of London and Wren's proposed additions were never realized. Wren ultimately designed its replacement. | |
London Plan | London | 1666 | Wren's masterplan for the rebuilding of London after the Great Fire[21] | |
Commencement (Senate) House | University of Cambridge, Cambridge | c. 1675 | ||
Arundel House | St James's, City of Westminster | c. 1676 | Building executed to designs likely supplied by Edward Pearce. | |
Rebuilding of Royal Mews[22] | Charing Cross, City of Westminster | c. 1676 | ||
Mausoleum for Charles I | Windsor Castle, Windsor, Berkshire | 1678 | Not financed[23][24] | |
Proposal for renovation of Ingestre Hall | Ingestre, Staffordshire | c. 1684-85 | ||
Church | Lincoln's Inn Fields, Holborn and Covent Garden | c. 1695–96 | ||
Post-fire scheme for rebuilding the Palace of Whitehall | Palace of Whitehall, City of Westminster | 1698 | ||
Renovation of Upper Ward[25] | Windsor Castle, Windsor, Berkshire | 1698 | ||
College Bridge | St John's College, Cambridge | c. 1698 | Though ultimately executed to a design by Grumbold,[26] the bridge is today known as the Wren Bridge | |
Cottonian Library[19] | Old Palace of Westminster, City of Westminster | 1703 | ||
St Mary le Strand | Strand, City of Westminster | 1713 | Ultimately executed to the design of James Gibbs | |
Hyde Park Barracks[27] | Hyde Park | 1713 |
Purported works
A number of structure have, without supporting documentary evidence, been attributed to Christopher Wren. Speaking of this tendency, biographer Adrian Tinniswood has written that "If Wren was connected with a building, however remotely, it was slotted into the rapidly expanding canon."[28]
Image | Name | Location | Date | Listing | Legitimacy | Coordinates |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Second Theatre Royal, Drury Lane[29] | Covent Garden, London | 1674 | Attribution challenged by some contemporary scholars;[30] it is unknown how closely the attributed design was followed.[29] | |||
Church of St Mary the Virgin | Ingestre, Stafford, Staffordshire | 1676 | 52°49′11″N 2°02′10″W / 52.81974°N 2.03602°W / 52.81974; -2.03602 | |||
Royal Hospital Kilmainham | Kilmainham, Dublin, Ireland | 1679–87 | Now attributed to William Robinson.[31] | 53°20′34″N 6°18′00″W / 53.34290°N 6.30003°W / 53.34290; -6.30003 | ||
Tring Park Mansion | Tring, Hertfordshire | 1682–84 | Grade II* (1981) | Though "probably [designed] by Wren," the structure was substantially altered in the late 19th century.[32] | 51°47′30″N 0°39′27″W / 51.79176°N 0.65751°W / 51.79176; -0.65751 | |
Boone's Chapel | Blackheath, London | 1683 | Grade I (1954) | 51°27′31″N 0°00′10″E / 51.4587°N 0.0029°E / 51.4587; 0.0029 | ||
Fawley Court | Fawley, Buckinghamshire | 1684 | Grade I (1952) | 51°33′06″N 0°53′52″W / 51.5516°N 0.8978°W / 51.5516; -0.8978 | ||
Upper School, Eton College | Berkshire | 1689–91 | Destroyed and since rebuilt[33] | |||
Morden College | Blackheath, London | 1695 | Grade I (1951) | 51°28′10″N 0°01′09″E / 51.4695°N 0.0192°E / 51.4695; 0.0192 | ||
Wren Building | College of William & Mary, Williamsburg, Virginia, United States | 1700 | National Historic Landmark | Claimed to be a Wren building as early as 1724. Wren's connection is doubtful. | 37°16′15″N 76°42′32″W / 37.27082°N 76.70892°W / 37.27082; -76.70892 | |
Winslow Hall | Winslow, Buckinghamshire | 1700 | Grade I (1959) | The structure's architect has been debated but it "is likely to have been" Wren.[34] | 51°56′29″N 0°52′48″W / 51.9415°N 0.88°W / 51.9415; -0.88 | |
Orangery, Kensington Palace | Royal Borough of Kensington and Chelsea, London | 1704–1706 | Grade I (1969) 1223783 | "designed ostensibly by Wren, but more likely the work of Hawksmoor and (perhaps) Vanbrugh"[28] | 51°30′24″N 0°11′16″W / 51.50656°N 0.18773°W / 51.50656; -0.18773 | |
All Saints' Church, Isleworth | Isleworth, London Borough of Hounslow | 1705–06 | Grade II* (1951) | According to tradition, Wren's plans were significantly altered due to financial constraints.[35] | 51°28′18″N 0°19′11″W / 51.4717°N 0.3198°W / 51.4717; -0.3198 |
Footnotes
- ^ Removed 1878; now in Paternoster Square, City of London: 51°30′51″N 0°05′58″W / 51.51417°N 0.09944°W / 51.51417; -0.09944
Bibliography
- Betjeman, John (1992) [1967], Sovereign City of London Churches, Andover: Pitkin, ISBN 978-0-85372-565-7
- Godwin, George (1839), Churches of London, Vols.1–2, C. Tilt
- Huelin, G. (1996), Vanished Churches of the City of London, London: Guildhall Library Publications, ISBN 978-0-900422-42-3
- Reynolds, H. (1922), The Churches of the City of London, London: The Bodley Head Limited
References
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- ^ Caves, Roger W. (2004-03-01). Encyclopedia of the City. Routledge. p. 530. ISBN 978-1-134-52846-2.
- ^ Christopher, John (2012-02-15). Wren's City of London Churches. Amberley Publishing Limited. ISBN 978-1-4456-1109-9.
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- ^ a b c Rabbitts, Paul (2019-02-21). Sir Christopher Wren. Bloomsbury Publishing. ISBN 978-1-78442-323-0.
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