Isaiah of Salona
Isaiah of Salona | |
---|---|
Native name | Ησαΐας Σαλώνων |
Personal details | |
Born | 1780 Desfina, Phocis, Ottoman Empire (modern day Greece) |
Died | April 23, 1821 |
Nationality | Greek |
Bishop Isaiah of Salona (Greek: Ησαΐας Σαλώνων; 1780 – 23 April 1821) was a Greek cleric. He was the first bishop who died fighting in the Greek Revolution of 1821.[citation needed]
Biography
He was born in Desfina, Phocis, in a house near the church of Agios Charalambos in 1769[1] and was baptized Elias, the third child of the family of the priest Papa-Stathis and Archontos. His brothers were named Giannis (who became a shepherd) and Theodosis, who became a monk at the Monastery of Saint Luke. At the age of 18 he was sent by his father to Amfissa to prepare for a religious life, serving close to the monk named Gerasimos Lytsikas.[2] In 1797 he became a monk in the Monastery of the Holy Forerunner of Desfina, taking the name of Isaiah and was ordained a deacon in the Monastery of Saint Luke.[3] He studied in Ioannina, near Kosmas Balanos and Athanasios Psalidas. In Ioannina he met Ali-Pasha, whom Isaiah's father saved, named Papa-Stathis around the middle of the 18th century, when he found him half-dead in a cave and treated him.[4] Promoted quickly Abbot, due to his young age, raised his interest from Patriarch Cyril VI of Edirne where he invited him in 1814 to Constantinople for training. There he met Patriarch Gregory V, but was also initiated into the Friendly Society, in 1818. In the same year he was ordained bishop where he took over as bishop of Salona after the death of Joachim, following the persuasions of local prelates and Ali's own.[5] Two years later he became a member of the Friendly Society, developing charitable activities, raising money and weapons which he stored in Salona.[citation needed]
In January 1821 he was hastily summoned to Constantinople by Patriarch Gregory E. From the existing correspondence between the two men it is obvious that both of them worked from the previous year for the preparation of the Race using symbolic phrases.[6] During this meeting, after receiving specific instructions for the Peloponnese, he went there in February, where he met the German bishops of Old Patras, Gregory of Nafplio, and Daniel of Tripoli. Then on March 11 he landed in Antikyra, returning to his diocese and from there to Livadia where he met the bishops Dionysios II of Athens and Neophytos Talantios.He then met with Athanasios Diakos, who at that time had the trust of the local leader Kara Ismail-bey, while he came to terms with the elites of the area.[citation needed]
Revolutionary activities
In February 1821, Isaiah with his brother and the abbot of the priory of Holy Loukas Chatzis were in Constantinople where he met with the patriarch. In 11 March he returns and lands secretly in Antikyra. He goes to the priory of Holy Loukas Chatzis, where Athanasios Diakos was waiting for him. In the evening prayer, he swears to the Revolution the askeri of Diakos. He then goes to Salona and makes arrangements with Panourgias. Weapons and ammunition arrives from Galaxidi and they have been distributed to the homes of the prominent. In 24 March, he blesses again the ammunition of the men of Panourgias, at the monastery of the prophet Ilias. There are also present the provosts of the Salonon Anagnostis Giaghtzis, Anagnostis Kehagias, Rigas Kontorigas. In 25 March Gkouras conquers Galaxidi and in the 28th of March Skaltsodimos conquers Lidoriki. In 26 March, Isaiah arrives again in Holy Loukas where Diakos is. A glorification is taking place and the next day the armed men left to fight. In 27 March, the siege against the castle of Salonon begins from the revolutionaries of Panourgias, while in town a Greek administration is being held. An official beginning of the Revolution is being carried out in town from Isaiah Salonon swearing the revolutionaries along with the two other bishops at the monastery of Holy Loukas, that had become the Agia Sophia of Roumeli. While the monasteries of Prodromos and Saint Paraskevi are blessing the weapons of the attendees against the Ottoman Turkish fighters, essentially proclaiming officially the Revolution in Boeotia.[7] In first of April Livadia is conquered.[8]
After the fall of the Castle of Livadia in 1 April and the fall of the Castle of Salonon in 10 April (at Easter) in the hands of the Greeks, Isaiah hurried to meet Diakos and Diovouniotis at Zitouni. Joining in the fight of Alamana Isaiah, holding the Cross, leading the Greek fighters. But in the collision with the troops of Omer Vrionis he is fatally injured while at the same time his brother is also being killed, the preach known as Priest Ioannis. The Ottoman beheaded the dead body of Isaiah, his brothers and others Greek fighters and placed them oppositely from Diakos while he was being brutally executed with impalement in Lamia. After his death the threw them in a waft along with the body of the executed.
Legacy
The building of the museum in remembrance of Despotis Salonon Isaiah was built over the land the house of Isaiah was in, in Desfina of Fokida. It was created by the previous municipality of Desfina (now Municipal Unity of Desfina of Delfoi Municipality) in cooperation with the Prefectural self-government of Fokida along with the conjunction of the society of under the protection of the Sacred Metropolis of Fokida. The opening of the museum was a Sunday on the 28th of July in 2013, in presence of all law enforcement. In the museum some personal item of Isaiah are being exhibited such as his inflection, his sacred gospel etc., while also copies of his vestments. There are also writings and paintings of that time and a specially modified room where a documentary of his life actions is being shown.[9]
In honor of Isaiah and his brother, a marble cross was built in 1916, close to the spring called on the highway from Amfissa to Lamia The following inscription stands on the memorial:
ΤΟΙΣ ΕΚ ΔΕΣΦΙΝΗΣ ΤΗΣ ΠΑΡΑΝΑΣΣΙΔΟΣ ΑΔΕΛΦΟΙΣ ΗΣΑΙΑ ΑΜΦΙΣΣΗΣ ΕΠΙΣΚΟΠΩ ΚΑΙ ΙΩΑΝΝΗ ΙΕΡΕΙ ΠΕΣΟΥΣΙΝ ΕΝ ΧΑΛΚΩΜΑΤΑ ΩΔΕ
23 ΑΠΡΙΛΙΟΥ 1821
ΥΠΕΡ ΠΑΤΡΙΔΟΣ ΕΙΣ ΜΑΧΗΝ ΑΛΑΜΑΝΑΣ
ΚΟΙΝΩ ΕΡΑΝΩ 1916.
There is also a bust of Isaiah exits in the outside of the metropolitan temple of Desfina and a statue of him in Amfissa.[10]
References
- ^ Δρόσος Κραβαρτόγιαννος, σελ. 62
- ^ Βαλαωρίτου, σελ. 413
- ^ Κρέμος, Τεύχος Β΄, σελ. 212
- ^ Δρόσος Κραβαρτόγιαννος, σελ. 62
- ^ Τάκης Λάππας, "Ρουμελιώτες στην Επανάσταση", Αθήνα, 1944
- ^ Α. Γούδας, Τόμος Η', σελ. 211
- ^ Φιλήμων, Τόμος Γ', σελ. 70
- ^ Φουσέκης Νικόλας, σελ. 345-352.
- ^ Μηνιαία εφημερίδα "Ο Αγών της Ιτέας", τεύχος 902
- ^ Γιασιράνη-Κυρίτση Βασιλεία, σελ. 247-252.
External links
- https://web.archive.org/web/20070308063059/http://www.fokidanet.com/history/index.cfm?pageID=3&areaID=2&naID=33&newsCategoryID=40&articleID=104
- Φωκίδα Net[needs translation] needs Eng. translation
- https://el.wikipedia.org/wiki/%CE%97%CF%83%CE%B1%CE%90%CE%B1%CF%82_%CE%A3%CE%B1%CE%BB%CF%8E%CE%BD%CF%89%CE%BD?veaction=edit
Bibliography
- Δρόσος Κραβαρτόγιαννος, "Ιστορία της πόλεως Αμφίσσης - Συμπληρώματα" (εκδ. "Σύλλογος απανταχού Αμφισσέων 'Τα Σάλωνα'", Άμφισσα, 1997), σελ. 62: "Ο ήρωας Δεσπότης των Σαλώνων Ησαΐας"
- ↑ Βαλαωρίτου: "Άπαντα" Τόμος Β, εκδ. Ελευθερουδάκης, Αθήνα, 1925
- ↑ Κρέμος, "Φωκικά", Τόμος Β΄
- ↑ Τάκης Λάππας, "Ρουμελιώτες στην Επανάσταση", Αθήνα, 1944
- ↑ Α. Γούδας, "Παράλληλοι Βίοι", Τόμος Η'
- ↑ Φιλήμων, "Δοκίμιον Ιστορικόν της Ελληνικής Επαναστάσεως", Αθήνα, 1960, Τόμος Γ'
- ↑ Φουσέκης Νικόλας, Ο Δεσπότης Σαλώνων Ησαΐας και η προσφορά του στο '21. Στο "Η προσφορά του Ιερού Κλήρου και των Ιερών Μονών της Φωκίδος στο έθνος και την περιοχή της στην περίοδο της τουρκοκρατίας στην εθνεγερσία του 1821 και τη νεοελληνική περίοδο", συνέδριο 23-25 Νοεμβρίου 2007, Άμφισσα. Πρακτικά, Άμφισσα 2010
- ↑ Γιασιράνη-Κυρίτση Βασιλεία, Τα νεοκλασσικά ηρώα των κληρικών και μοναχών της Φωκίδας. Στο "Η προσφορά του Ιερού Κλήρου και των Ιερών Μονών της Φωκίδος στο έθνος και την περιοχή της στην περίοδο της τουρκοκρατίας στην εθνεγερσία του 1821 και τη νεοελληνική περίοδο", συνέδριο 23-25 Νοεμβρίου 2007, Άμφισσα. Πρακτικά, Άμφισσα 2010
- ↑ Μηνιαία εφημερίδα "Ο Αγών της Ιτέας", τεύχος 902, Πέμπτη 1 Αυγούστου 2013
Further information
- "Μεγάλη Ελληνική Εγκυκλοπαίδεια", τομ. ΙΒ΄, σελ.400.[needs translation]
- Περιοδικό Ιστορικά (Ελευθεροτυπίας), "1821 Η Κήρυξη της Επανάστασης" τ. 229 (24 Μαρτίου 2004), σελ. 25.[needs translation]
- v
- t
- e
People | |
---|---|
Events |
|
People | |
---|---|
Organizations | |
Publications |
|
Greek involvement in
the Napoleonic Wars
- Russo-Turkish War (1768–1774)
- Treaty of Küçük Kaynarca
- Greek Plan of Catherine the Great
- Russo-Turkish War (1787–1792)
- French Revolution and Napoleonic Wars
- Fall of the Republic of Venice
- Republican French rule in the Ionian Islands
- Septinsular Republic
- Greek Legion
- Imperial French rule in the Ionian Islands
- Albanian Regiment
- Adriatic campaign of 1807–1814
- 1st Regiment Greek Light Infantry
- United States of the Ionian Islands
- Patras
- Salona
- Navarino
- Livadeia
- 1st Acropolis
- Tripolitsa
- Arta
- Acrocorinth
- Nauplia
- 1st Messolonghi
- 2nd Messolonghi
- 3rd Messolonghi
- 2nd Acropolis
- Kalamata
- Wallachian uprising
- Alamana
- Gravia
- Valtetsi
- Doliana
- Lalas
- Vasilika
- Drăgășani
- Sculeni
- Vasilika
- Trench
- Peta
- Dervenakia
- Karpenisi
- Greek civil wars
- Sphacteria
- Maniaki
- Morea
- Lerna Mills
- Mani
- Distomo
- Arachova
- Kamatero
- Phaleron
- Chios expedition
- Martino
- Koronisia
- Petra
- Constantinople
- Thessaloniki
- Navarino
- Tripolitsa
- Naousa
- Samothrace
- Chios
- Psara
- Kasos
- Cyprus
- Agamemnon
- Aris
- Hellas
- Karteria
- Messenian Senate
- Directorate of Achaea
- Peloponnesian Senate
- Senate of Western Continental Greece
- Areopagus of Eastern Continental Greece
- Provisional Regime of Crete
- Military-Political System of Samos
treaties and protocols
- Congress of Laibach
- Congress of Verona
- Protocol of St. Petersburg (1826)
- Treaty of London
- Conference of Poros
- London Protocol of 1828
- London Protocol of 1829
- Treaty of Adrianople
- London Protocol of 1830
- London Conference
- Treaty of Constantinople
- Greek expedition to Syria (1825)
- Russo-Turkish War (1828–29)
- Chian Committee
- Odysseas Androutsos
- Fotos Bomporis
- Kostas Botsaris
- Markos Botsaris
- Notis Botsaris
- Tousias Botsaris
- Laskarina Bouboulina
- Constantin Denis Bourbaki
- Stefanos Chalis
- Sotiris Charalampis
- Giannis Chondrogiannis
- Dimitrios Christidis
- Panagiotis Danglis
- Hatzimichalis Dalianis
- Dimitrios Deligeorgis
- Dimitrakis Deligiannis
- Kanellos Deligiannis
- Athanasios Diakos
- Dionysis Diakos
- Konstantinos Dimidis
- Ioannis Dimoulitsas
- Adam Doukas
- Georgios Drakos
- Yiannis Dyovouniotis
- Georgios Filippopoulos
- Asimakis Fotilas
- Panagiotakis Fotilas
- Angelis Gatsos
- Antonios Georgantas
- Germanos III of Old Patras
- Georgios Gevidis
- Konstantinos Gofas
- Vasileios Goudas
- Ioannis Gouras
- Dimitrios Gouvelis
- Konstantinos Gouvelis
- Angelis Govios
- Dimitrios Indares
- Isaiah of Salona
- Antonios Kalamogdartis
- George Kalaras
- Dimitrios Kallergis
- Athanasios Kampetis
- Athanasios Kanakaris
- Konstantinos Kanaris
- Stefanos Kanellos
- Ioannis Kapodistrias
- Viaros Kapodistrias
- Stamatios Kapsas
- Georgakis Kapsokalyvas
- Anastasios Karatasos
- Panagiotis Karatzas
- Georgios Karaiskakis
- Aristeidis Karnalis
- Nikolaos Kasomoulis
- Ioannis Kolettis
- Apostolis Kolokotronis
- Ioannis Kolokotronis
- Panos Kolokotronis
- Theodoros Kolokotronis
- Michail Komninos Afentoulief
- Alexandros Kontostavlos
- Panos Koronaios
- Georgios Kountouriotis
- Lazaros Kountouriotis
- Michalis Kourmoulis
- Ioannis Krestenitis
- Lykourgos Krestenitis
- Stamatis Krestenitis
- Antonios Kriezis
- Nikolaos Kriezotis
- Kyprianos of Cyprus
- Konstantinos Lagoumitzis
- Georgios Lassanis
- Georgios Lechouritis
- Leonardos Leonardopoulos
- Georgios Liologlou
- Lykourgos Logothetis
- Andreas Londos
- Yiannis Makriyiannis
- Ioannis Mamouris
- Anastasios Manakis
- Manto Mavrogenous
- Alexandros Mavrokordatos
- Antonios Mavromichalis
- Demetrios Mavromichalis
- Georgios Mavromichalis
- Konstantinos Mavromichalis
- Kyriakoulis Mavromichalis
- Petrobey Mavromichalis
- Dimitrios Meletopoulos
- Andreas Metaxas
- Konstantinos Metaxas
- Hatzigiannis Mexis
- Andreas Miaoulis
- Antonios Miaoulis
- Panagiotis Michanidis
- Spyros Milios
- Nikolaos Mykonios
- Zachos Milios
- Alexander Negris
- Konstantinos Negris
- Theodoros Negris
- Diamantis Nikolaou
- Konstantinos Nikolopoulos
- Ioannis Notaras
- Antonis Oikonomou
- Ioannis Orlandos
- Andronikos Paikos
- Georgios Panou
- Dimitrios Panourgias
- Nakos Panourgias
- Grigorios Papaflessas
- Anagnostis Papageorgiou
- Dimitrios Papanikolis
- Emmanouel Pappas
- Christoforos Perraivos
- Nikolaos Petimezas
- Vasileios Petimezas
- Dionysios Petrakis
- Andreas Pipinos
- Kyriakos Pittakis
- Anastasios Polyzoidis
- Konstantinos Rados
- Ioannis Rangos
- Panagiotis Rodios
- Dionysios Romas
- Georgios Sachtouris
- Georgios Sekeris
- Theofanis Siatisteus
- Georgios Sisinis
- Ioannis Skandalidis
- Zisis Sotiriou
- Nikitas Stamatelopoulos
- Georgios Stavros
- Joseph Stephanini
- Ioannis Stratos
- Sotirios Theocharopoulos
- Zafeirakis Theodosiou
- Emmanouil Tombazis
- Iakovos Tombazis
- Ioannis Trikoupis
- Anastasios Tsamados
- Melchisedek Tsouderos
- Kitsos Tzavellas
- Theodoros Tzinis
- Loukas Vagias
- Thanasoulas Valtinos
- Dimitrios Varis
- Meletis Vasileiou
- Domna Visvizi
- Alexakis Vlachopoulos
- Konstantinos Vlachopoulos
- Pieros Voidis
- Liolios Xirolivaditis
- Demetrios Ypsilantis
- Christoforos Zachariadis
- Andreas Zaimis
- Germanos Zapheiropoulos
- Evangelos Zappas
- Marigo Zarafopoula
- Nikolaos Zervas
- António Figueira d'Almeida
- Joseph Balestra
- Samuel Barff
- Paul Marie Bonaparte
- Karl Rudolf Brommy
- Lord Byron
- François-René de Chateaubriand
- Richard Church
- Giuseppe Chiappe
- Lord Cochrane
- Giacinto Collegno
- Charles Fabvier
- Adam Friedel
- Vincenzo Gallina
- Thomas Gordon
- Constantin Guys
- Emmanuel Han
- Frank Abney Hastings
- Carl von Heideck
- Samuel Gridley Howe
- George Jarvis
- Karl Krazeisen
- Henrik Nikolai Krøyer
- Ludwig I of Bavaria
- Ernst Michael Mangel
- Sophie de Marbois-Lebrun, Duchess of Plaisance
- Vasos Mavrovouniotis
- Johann Jakob Meyer
- Jonathan Miller
- Julius Michael Millingen
- August Myhrberg
- Karl von Normann-Ehrenfels
- Hadži-Prodan
- Maurice Persat
- Theobald Piscatory
- Maxime Raybaud
- Auguste Regnaud de Saint-Jean d'Angély
- Giuseppe Rosaroll
- Annibale Santorre di Rossi de Pomarolo, Count of Santarosa
- Friedrich Thiersch
- Auguste Hilarion Touret
- Edward John Trelawny
- German Legion [el]
- Serbs
- David Urquhart
- Olivier Voutier
- James Jakob Williams
(Danubian Principalities)
Sacred Band
- Athanasios Agrafiotis
- Anastasios Christopoulos
- Diamandi Djuvara
- Stefanos Kanellos
- Alexandros Kantakouzinos
- Georgios Kantakouzinos
- Rallou Karatza
- Stamatios Kleanthis
- Georgios Lassanis
- Constantine Levidis
- Dimitrie Macedonski
- Anastasios Manakis
- Giorgakis Olympios
- Yiannis Pharmakis
- Michael Soutzos
- Roxani Soutzos
- Athanasios Tsakalov
- Tudor Vladimirescu
- Konstantinos Xenokratis
- Alexander Ypsilantis
- Demetrios Ypsilantis
- Nikolaos Ypsilantis
- Christoforos Zachariadis
Military | |
---|---|
Scientific |
- Dimitrios Ainian
- Fotis Chrysanthopoulos
- Ioannis Filimon
- George Finlay
- Ambrosios Frantzis
- Lambros Koutsonikas
- Konstantinos Metaxas
- Panoutsos Notaras
- Panagiotis Papatsonis
- Anastasios Polyzoidis
- Georgios Tertsetis
- Spyridon Trikoupis
- Eugène Delacroix
- Louis Dupré
- Peter von Hess
- Victor Hugo
- François Pouqueville
- Alexander Pushkin
- Karl Krazeisen
- Andreas Kalvos
- Dionysios Solomos
- Theodoros Vryzakis
- Hellas
- The Reception of Lord Byron at Missolonghi
- Greece on the Ruins of Missolonghi
- Le siège de Corinthe
- The Massacre at Chios
- The Free Besieged
- Hymn to Liberty
- The Archipelago on Fire
- Loukis Laras
- The Apotheosis of Athanasios Diakos
- 25 March (Independence Day)
- Hymn to Liberty
- Eleftheria i thanatos
- Pedion tou Areos
- Propylaea (Munich)
- Garden of Heroes (Missolonghi)
- Royal Phalanx
- Evzones (Presidential Guard)