Dipotassium phosphate

Dipotassium phosphate
Names
IUPAC name
Potassium hydrogen phosphate
Other names
Potassium monohydrogen phosphate
Phosphoric acid dipotassium salt
Potassium phosphate dibasic
Identifiers
CAS Number
  • 7758-11-4 checkY
  • 16788-57-1 (trihydrate) checkY
3D model (JSmol)
  • Interactive image
ChEBI
  • CHEBI:131527 ☒N
ChEMBL
  • ChEMBL1200459 ☒N
ChemSpider
  • 22858 checkY
ECHA InfoCard 100.028.940 Edit this at Wikidata
EC Number
  • 231-834-5
E number E340(ii) (antioxidants, ...)
PubChem CID
  • 24450
UNII
  • CI71S98N1Z checkY
  • RJK174X3TZ (trihydrate) checkY
CompTox Dashboard (EPA)
  • DTXSID8035506 Edit this at Wikidata
InChI
  • InChI=1S/2K.H3O4P/c;;1-5(2,3)4/h;;(H3,1,2,3,4)/q2*+1;/p-2 checkY
    Key: ZPWVASYFFYYZEW-UHFFFAOYSA-L checkY
  • InChI=1/2K.H3O4P/c;;1-5(2,3)4/h;;(H3,1,2,3,4)/q2*+1;/p-2
    Key: ZPWVASYFFYYZEW-NUQVWONBAH
  • [K+].[K+].[O-]P([O-])(=O)O
Properties
Chemical formula
 K2HPO4
Molar mass 174.2 g/mol
Appearance white powder
deliquescent
Odor odorless
Density 2.44 g/cm3
Melting point > 465 °C (869 °F; 738 K) decomposes
Solubility in water
 149.25 g/100 mL (20 °C)
Solubility slightly soluble in alcohol
Acidity (pKa) 12.4
Basicity (pKb) 6.8
Hazards
NFPA 704 (fire diamond)
NFPA 704 four-colored diamondHealth 1: Exposure would cause irritation but only minor residual injury. E.g. turpentineFlammability 0: Will not burn. E.g. waterInstability 0: Normally stable, even under fire exposure conditions, and is not reactive with water. E.g. liquid nitrogenSpecial hazards (white): no code
1
0
0
Flash point Non-flammable
Related compounds
Other cations
 Disodium phosphate
Diammonium phosphate
Related compounds
 Monopotassium phosphate
Tripotassium phosphate
Except where otherwise noted, data are given for materials in their standard state (at 25 °C [77 °F], 100 kPa).
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Infobox references
Chemical compound

Dipotassium phosphate (K2HPO4) (also dipotassium hydrogen orthophosphate; potassium phosphate dibasic) is the inorganic compound with the formula K2HPO4.(H2O)x (x = 0, 3, 6). Together with monopotassium phosphate (KH2PO4.(H2O)x), it is often used as a fertilizer, food additive, and buffering agent.[1] It is a white or colorless solid that is soluble in water.

It is produced commercially by partial neutralization of phosphoric acid with two equivalents of potassium chloride:[1]

H3PO4 + 2 KCl → K2HPO4 + 2 HCl

Uses

As a food additive, dipotassium phosphate is used in imitation dairy creamers, dry powder beverages, mineral supplements, and starter cultures.[2] It functions as an emulsifier, stabilizer and texturizer; it also is a buffering agent, and chelating agent especially for the calcium in milk products..[3]

As a food additive, dipotassium phosphate is generally recognized as safe by the United States Food and Drug Administration.[4]

References

  1. ^ a b Klaus Schrödter; Gerhard Bettermann; Thomas Staffel; Friedrich Wahl; Thomas Klein; Thomas Hofmann (2012). "Phosphoric Acid and Phosphates". Ullmann's Encyclopedia of Industrial Chemistry. Weinheim: Wiley-VCH. doi:10.1002/14356007.a19_465.pub3. ISBN 978-3527306732.
  2. ^ John H. Thorngate III; Seppo Salminen; Larry A. Branen; Michael P. Davidson, eds. (2001). "Food Phosphates". Food Additives. Food Science and Technology. Vol. 116. CRC Press. doi:10.1201/9780824741709.ch25. ISBN 978-0-8247-9343-2.
  3. ^ "What is dipotassium phosphate?". 30 April 2018. Retrieved 2020-09-09.
  4. ^ "Database of Select Committee on GRAS Substances (SCOGS) Reviews". Archived from the original on 2007-05-21. Retrieved 2008-03-22. (listed as "potassium phosphate, dibasic")
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H3PO4
[HPO4]2−
[H2PO4]− 		He
Li3PO4 Be BPO4
+BO3 		C (NH4)3PO4
(NH4)2HPO4
NH4H2PO4
-N 		O +F Ne
Na3PO4
Na2HPO4
NaH2PO4 		Mg3(PO4)2 AlPO4 Si P +SO4
-S 		Cl Ar
K3PO4
K2HPO4
KH2PO4 		Ca3(PO4)2 ScPO4 Ti VPO4 CrPO4 Mn3(PO4)2
MnPO4 		Fe3(PO4)2
FePO4 		Co3(PO4)2 Ni3(PO4)2 Cu3(PO4)2 Zn3(PO4)2 GaPO4 Ge As -Se Br Kr
Rb3PO4 Sr3(PO4)2 YPO4 Zr3(PO4)4 Nb Mo Tc Ru Rh Pd Ag3PO4 Cd3(PO4)2 InPO4 Sn SbPO4
-SbO4 		Te I Xe
Cs3PO4 Ba3(PO4)2 * LuPO4 Hf Ta W Re Os Ir Pt AuPO4 Hg Tl3PO4 Pb3(PO4)2 BiPO4 Po At Rn
Fr Ra ** Lr Rf Db Sg Bh Hs Mt Ds Rg Cn Nh Fl Mc Lv Ts Og
 
* LaPO4 CePO4 PrPO4 NdPO4 PmPO4 SmPO4 EuPO4 GdPO4 TbPO4 DyPO4 HoPO4 ErPO4 TmPO4 YbPO4
** AcPO4 Th3(PO4)4 Pa U(PO4)2 Np PuPO4 AmPO4 CmPO4 Bk Cf Es Fm Md No
  • v
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H, (pseudo)halogens
chalcogens
  • K2O
  • KOH
  • K2O2
  • KO2
  • KO3
  • K2S
  • KHS
  • K2SO3
  • KHSO3
  • K2SO4
  • KHSO4
  • KHSO5
  • K2S2O3
  • K2S2O5
  • K2S2O7
  • K2S2O8
  • K2Se
  • K2SeO3
  • K2SeO4
  • K2Te
  • K2TeO3
  • K2TeO4
  • K2Po
pnictogens
  • K3N
  • KNH2
  • KN3
  • KNO2
  • KNO3
  • K3P
  • KH2PO3
  • K3PO4
  • K2HPO4
  • KH2PO4
  • KPF6
  • KAsO2
  • K3AsO4
  • K2HAsO4
  • KH2AsO4
B, C group
  • B4K2O7
  • K2CO3
  • KHCO3
  • K2SiO3
  • K2SiF6
  • K2Al2O4
  • K2Al2B2O7
trans metals
  • K2PtCl4
  • K2Pt(CN)4
  • K2TiF6
  • K2PtCl6
  • K2ReCl6
  • K2ZrF6
  • K4Fe(CN)6
  • K3Fe(CN)6
  • K3Fe(C2O4)3
  • K2FeO4
  • K2MnO4
  • KMnO4
  • K3CrO4
  • K2CrO4
  • K3CrO8
  • KCrO3Cl
  • K2Cr2O7
  • K2Cr3O10
  • K2Cr4O13
  • K4Mo2Cl8
organic
  • KHCO2
  • KCH3CO2
  • KCF3CO2
  • K2C2O4
  • KHC2O4
  • KC12H23O2
  • KC18H35O2
  • C3H2K2O4
  • C4H6KO4
  • C5H7KO4


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