Combining Diacritical Marks

(1991)66 (+66)1.0.1 (1992)68 (+2)1.1 (1993)72 (+4)3.0 (1999)82 (+10)3.2 (2002)96 (+14)4.0 (2003)107 (+11)4.1 (2005)112 (+5) Unicode documentationCode chart ∣ Web pageNote: Two characters were moved from the Greek and Coptic block to the Combining Diacritical Marks block in version 1.0.1 during the process of unifying with ISO 10646.^[1][2][3]

Combining Diacritical Marks is a Unicode block containing the most common combining characters. It also contains the character "Combining Grapheme Joiner", which prevents canonical reordering of combining characters, and despite the name, actually separates characters that would otherwise be considered a single grapheme in a given context. Its block name in Unicode 1.0 was Generic Diacritical Marks.^[4]

Block

Combining Diacritical Marks[1] Official Unicode Consortium code chart (PDF)

0

1

2

3

4

5

6

7

8

9

A

B

C

D

E

F

U+030x

◌̀

◌́

◌̂

◌̃

◌̄

◌̅

◌̆

◌̇

◌̈

◌̉

◌̊

◌̋

◌̌

◌̍

◌̎

◌̏

U+031x

◌̐

◌̑

◌̒

◌̓

◌̔

◌̕

◌̖

◌̗

◌̘

◌̙

◌̚

◌̛

◌̜

◌̝

◌̞

◌̟

U+032x

◌̠

◌̡

◌̢

◌̣

◌̤

◌̥

◌̦

◌̧

◌̨

◌̩

◌̪

◌̫

◌̬

◌̭

◌̮

◌̯

U+033x

◌̰

◌̱

◌̲

◌̳

◌̴

◌̵

◌̶

◌̷

◌̸

◌̹

◌̺

◌̻

◌̼

◌̽

◌̾

◌̿

U+034x

◌̀

◌́

◌͂

◌̓

◌̈́

◌ͅ

◌͆

◌͇

◌͈

◌͉

◌͊

◌͋

◌͌

◌͍

◌͎

CGJ

U+035x

◌͐

◌͑

◌͒

◌͓

◌͔

◌͕

◌͖

◌͗

◌͘

◌͙

◌͚

◌͛

◌͜◌

◌͝◌

◌͞◌

◌͟◌

U+036x

◌͠◌

◌͡◌

◌͢◌

◌ͣ

◌ͤ

◌ͥ

◌ͦ

◌ͧ

◌ͨ

◌ͩ

◌ͪ

◌ͫ

◌ͬ

◌ͭ

◌ͮ

◌ͯ

Notes 1.^ As of Unicode version 15.1

Character table

Code	Glyph	Decimal	Description
U+0300	̀	768	Combining Grave Accent
U+0301	́	769	Combining Acute Accent
U+0302	̂	770	Combining Circumflex Accent
U+0303	̃	771	Combining Tilde
U+0304	̄	772	Combining Macron
U+0305	̅	773	Combining Overline
U+0306	̆	774	Combining Breve
U+0307	̇	775	Combining Dot Above
U+0308	̈	776	Combining Diaeresis
U+0309	̉	777	Combining Hook Above
U+030A	̊	778	Combining Ring Above
U+030B	̋	779	Combining Double Acute Accent
U+030C	̌	780	Combining Caron
U+030D	̍	781	Combining Vertical Line Above
U+030E	̎	782	Combining Double Vertical Line Above
U+030F	̏	783	Combining Double Grave Accent
U+0310	̐	784	Combining Candrabindu
U+0311	̑	785	Combining Inverted Breve
U+0312	̒	786	Combining Turned Comma Above
U+0313	̓	787	Combining Comma Above
U+0314	̔	788	Combining Reversed Comma Above
U+0315	̕	789	Combining Comma Above Right
U+0316	̖	790	Combining Grave Accent Below
U+0317	̗	791	Combining Acute Accent Below
U+0318	̘	792	Combining Left Tack Below
U+0319	̙	793	Combining Right Tack Below
U+031A	̚	794	Combining Left Angle Above
U+031B	̛	795	Combining Horn
U+031C	̜	796	Combining Left Half Ring Below
U+031D	̝	797	Combining Up Tack Below
U+031E	̞	798	Combining Down Tack Below
U+031F	̟	799	Combining Plus Sign Below
U+0320	̠	800	Combining Minus Sign Below
U+0321	̡	801	Combining Palatalized Hook Below
U+0322	̢	802	Combining Retroflex Hook Below
U+0323	̣	803	Combining Dot Below
U+0324	̤	804	Combining Diaeresis Below
U+0325	̥	805	Combining Ring Below
U+0326	̦	806	Combining Comma Below
U+0327	̧	807	Combining Cedilla
U+0328	̨	808	Combining Ogonek
U+0329	̩	809	Combining Vertical Line Below
U+032A	̪	810	Combining Bridge Below
U+032B	̫	811	Combining Inverted Double Arch Below
U+032C	̬	812	Combining Caron Below
U+032D	̭	813	Combining Circumflex Accent Below
U+032E	̮	814	Combining Breve Below
U+032F	̯	815	Combining Inverted Breve Below
U+0330	̰	816	Combining Tilde Below
U+0331	̱	817	Combining Macron Below
U+0332	̲	818	Combining Low Line
U+0333	̳	819	Combining Double Low Line
U+0334	̴	820	Combining Tilde Overlay
U+0335	̵	821	Combining Short Stroke Overlay
U+0336	̶	822	Combining Long Stroke Overlay
U+0337	̷	823	Combining Short Solidus Overlay
U+0338	̸	824	Combining Long Solidus Overlay
U+0339	̹	825	Combining Right Half Ring Below
U+033A	̺	826	Combining Inverted Bridge Below
U+033B	̻	827	Combining Square Below
U+033C	̼	828	Combining Seagull Below
U+033D	̽	829	Combining X Above
U+033E	̾	830	Combining Vertical Tilde
U+033F	̿	831	Combining Double Overline
U+0340	̀	832	Combining Grave Tone Mark
U+0341	́	833	Combining Acute Tone Mark
U+0342	͂	834	Combining Greek Perispomeni
U+0343	̓	835	Combining Greek Koronis
U+0344	̈́	836	Combining Greek Dialytika Tonos
U+0345	ͅ	837	Combining Greek Ypogegrammeni
U+0346	͆	838	Combining Bridge Above
U+0347	͇	839	Combining Equals Sign Below
U+0348	͈	840	Combining Double Vertical Line Below
U+0349	͉	841	Combining Left Angle Below
U+034A	͊	842	Combining Not Tilde Above
U+034B	͋	843	Combining Homothetic Above
U+034C	͌	844	Combining Almost Equal To Above
U+034D	͍	845	Combining Left Right Arrow Below
U+034E	͎	846	Combining Upwards Arrow Below
U+034F	͏	847	Combining Grapheme Joiner
U+0350	͐	848	Combining Right Arrowhead Above
U+0351	͑	849	Combining Left Half Ring Above
U+0352	͒	850	Combining Fermata
U+0353	͓	851	Combining X Below
U+0354	͔	852	Combining Left Arrowhead Below
U+0355	͕	853	Combining Right Arrowhead Below
U+0356	͖	854	Combining Right Arrowhead And Up Arrowhead Below
U+0357	͗	855	Combining Right Half Ring Above
U+0358	͘	856	Combining Dot Above Right
U+0359	͙	857	Combining Asterisk Below
U+035A	͚	858	Combining Double Ring Below
U+035B	͛	859	Combining Zigzag Above
U+035C	͜	860	Combining Double Breve Below
U+035D	͝	861	Combining Double Breve
U+035E	͞	862	Combining Double Macron
U+035F	͟	863	Combining Double Macron Below
U+0360	͠	864	Combining Double Tilde
U+0361	͡	865	Combining Double Inverted Breve
U+0362	͢	866	Combining Double Rightwards Arrow Below
U+0363	ͣ	867	Combining Latin Small Letter A
U+0364	ͤ	868	Combining Latin Small Letter E
U+0365	ͥ	869	Combining Latin Small Letter I
U+0366	ͦ	870	Combining Latin Small Letter O
U+0367	ͧ	871	Combining Latin Small Letter U
U+0368	ͨ	872	Combining Latin Small Letter C
U+0369	ͩ	873	Combining Latin Small Letter D
U+036A	ͪ	874	Combining Latin Small Letter H
U+036B	ͫ	875	Combining Latin Small Letter M
U+036C	ͬ	876	Combining Latin Small Letter R
U+036D	ͭ	877	Combining Latin Small Letter T
U+036E	ͮ	878	Combining Latin Small Letter V
U+036F	ͯ	879	Combining Latin Small Letter X

History

The following Unicode-related documents record the purpose and process of defining specific characters in the Combining Diacritical Marks block:

Version	Final code points[a]	Count	UTC ID	L2 ID	WG2 ID	Document
1.0.0	U+0300..0341	66				(to be determined)
					N3153 (pdf, doc)	Umamaheswaran, V. S. (2007-02-16), "m49.1g", Unconfirmed minutes of WG 2 meeting 49 AIST, Akihabara, Tokyo, Japan; 2006-09-25/29, Correct the glyphs for 0340 COMBINING GRAVE TONE MARK and 0341 COMBINING ACUTE TONE MARK to be the same as their canonical equivalent characters at 0300 and 0301 respectively.
					N3353 (pdf, doc)	Umamaheswaran, V. S. (2007-10-10), "M51.3c", Unconfirmed minutes of WG 2 meeting 51 Hanzhou, China; 2007-04-24/27, Correction to the glyphs for 0333 and 0347
				L2/08-287		Davis, Mark (2008-08-04), Public Review Issue #122: Proposal for Additional Deprecated Characters
				L2/08-253R2		Moore, Lisa (2008-08-19), "Consensus 116-C13", UTC #116 Minutes, Change the deprecated property by removing 0340, 0341, 17D3, and adding 0149, 0F77, 0F79, 17A4, 2329, 232A.
				L2/16-178		Evans, Lorna; Keating, Patricia (2016-07-06), Representative glyph and annotation additions for U+033B
				L2/16-216		Anderson, Deborah; Whistler, Ken; McGowan, Rick; Pournader, Roozbeh; Glass, Andrew; Iancu, Laurențiu; Moore, Lisa (2016-07-30), "18. Combining Diacritical Marks", Recommendations to UTC #148 August 2016 on Script Proposals
				L2/16-203		Moore, Lisa (2016-08-18), "Consensus 148-C3", UTC #148 Minutes, Change the glyph for U+033B COMBINING SQUARE BELOW to a horizontal rectangle as documented in L2/16-178.
1.0.1	U+0344..0345	2				(to be determined)
			UTC/1999-017			Davis, Mark (1999-06-02), Data cross-checks (for Agenda)
				L2/99-176R		Moore, Lisa (1999-11-04), "Data Cross-Checks", Minutes from the joint UTC/L2 meeting in Seattle, June 8-10, 1999
				L2/07-068		Muller, Eric (2007-02-05), Representation of Greek mute iota
				L2/07-015		Moore, Lisa (2007-02-08), "Action item 110-A37", UTC #110 Minutes, Create an FAQ on the Greek mute iota representation and casing issues.
				L2/07-198		Hudson, John (2007-06-01), Representation of Greek mute iota (response to L2/07-068)
				L2/07-263		Anderson, Deborah (2007-08-07), Input on Greek Mute Iota
1.1	U+0342..0343, 0360..0361	4				(to be determined)
3.0	U+0346..034E, 0362	10		L2/98-299	N1845	Everson, Michael (1998-09-08), Additional IPA "disturbed speech" characters for the UCS
				L2/98-372	N1884R2 (pdf, doc)	Whistler, Ken; et al. (1998-09-22), Additional Characters for the UCS
				L2/98-329	N1920	Combined PDAM registration and consideration ballot on WD for ISO/IEC 10646-1/Amd. 30, AMENDMENT 30: Additional Latin and other characters, 1998-10-28
3.2	U+034F	1		L2/00-274	N2236	Davis, Mark (2000-08-09), Proposal for addition of COMBINING GRAPHEME JOINER
				L2/00-187		Moore, Lisa (2000-08-23), "Grapheme Joiner", UTC minutes -- Boston, August 8-11, 2000
				L2/01-042	N2317	Everson, Michael (2001-01-19), On the use of JOINERS in ligation
				L2/01-050	N2253	Umamaheswaran, V. S. (2001-01-21), "7.8 Proposal for addition of COMBINING GRAPHEME JOINER", Minutes of the SC2/WG2 meeting in Athens, September 2000
				L2/00-324		Moore, Lisa (2001-01-29), "Motion 85-M13", Minutes from UTC #85, San Diego
				L2/01-344	N2353 (pdf, doc)	Umamaheswaran, V. S. (2001-09-09), "7.14", Minutes from SC2/WG2 meeting #40 -- Mountain View, April 2001
				L2/05-094		Hallissy, Bob; Priest, Lorna (2005-04-18), Use of CGJ in Latin script diacritics
				L2/05-108R		Moore, Lisa (2005-08-26), "C.7", UTC #103 Minutes
	U+0363..036F	13		L2/00-061	N2160	Küster, Mark (2000-02-02), Proposal concerning combining diacritics for medievalistics [for Middle High German]
				L2/00-330	N2266	Küster, Marc; Wojtovicz, Isabel (2000-09-14), Diacritics for medieval studies
				L2/01-050	N2253	Umamaheswaran, V. S. (2001-01-21), "7.17 Diacritics for Medieval Studies", Minutes of the SC2/WG2 meeting in Athens, September 2000
4.0	U+0350..0357	8		L2/02-141	N2419	Everson, Michael; et al. (2002-03-20), Uralic Phonetic Alphabet characters for the UCS
				L2/02-192		Everson, Michael (2002-05-02), Everson's Reply on UPA
					N2442	Everson, Michael; Kolehmainen, Erkki I.; Ruppel, Klaas; Trosterud, Trond (2002-05-21), Justification for placing the Uralic Phonetic Alphabet in the BMP
				L2/02-291		Whistler, Ken (2002-05-31), WG2 report from Dublin
				L2/02-292		Whistler, Ken (2002-06-03), Early look at WG2 consent docket
				L2/02-166R2		Moore, Lisa (2002-08-09), "Scripts and New Characters - UPA", UTC #91 Minutes
				L2/02-253		Moore, Lisa (2002-10-21), "Consensus 92-C2", UTC #92 Minutes
	U+035D..035F	3		L2/02-176		Whistler, Ken (2002-03-07), How to make "oo" with combining breve/macron over pair?
				L2/02-204	N2457	Additional Double Diacritics, 2002-05-10
				L2/02-166R2		Moore, Lisa (2002-08-09), "Combining Breve/macron over the oo Pair", UTC #91 Minutes
				L2/02-367		Constable, Peter (2002-10-30), Double Combining Breve Below, Double Combining Macron
				L2/03-142R	N2594	McGowan, Rick; Constable, Peter; Whistler, Ken (2003-07-01), Proposal to encode combining double breve below
4.1	U+0358	1		L2/97-148	N1593	Everson, Michael (1997-05-27), Proposal to add Latin characters by Latinized Taiwanese languages
				L2/97-288	N1603	Umamaheswaran, V. S. (1997-10-24), "8.24.8", Unconfirmed Meeting Minutes, WG 2 Meeting # 33, Heraklion, Crete, Greece, 20 June - 4 July 1997
				L2/98-089	N1712R	Comments on proposal to add Latin characters to Latinized Taiwanese languages, 1998-03-18
				L2/98-286	N1703	Umamaheswaran, V. S.; Ksar, Mike (1998-07-02), "8.26", Unconfirmed Meeting Minutes, WG 2 Meeting #34, Redmond, WA, USA; 1998-03-16--20
				L2/02-348	N2507	Draft of Proposal to add Latin characters required by Latinized Taiwanese Holo language to ISO/IEC 10646, 2002-03-31
				L2/03-317	N2626	Proposal on IPA Extensions & Combining Diacritical Marks for ISO/IEC 10646 in BMP, 2003-09-27
				L2/03-318	N2628	Proposal to add Combining Right Dot Above as required by Taiwanese Holo language Romanization to ISO/IEC 10646, 2003-09-29
				L2/03-339	N2646	Constable, Peter (2003-10-08), Comments on N2626, Proposal on IPA Extensions and Combining Diacritic Marks for ISO/IEC 10646 in BMP
				L2/03-369	N2669	Comments on "Combining dot above", 2003-10-20
				L2/04-076	N2699	Tai, Kaihsu; Chen, Pochung; Tan-Tenn, Henry (2003-10-20), Response to WG2-N2669
				L2/03-372	N2673	Anderson, Deborah (2003-10-22), Comments on N2626, "Proposal on IPA Extensions & Combining Diacritic Marks for ISO 10646 in BMP"
				L2/04-107	N2713	Revised Proposal for encoding A Supplemented Set of IPA Combining Marks, Modifier Letters & Five-Degree Contour Tone Marks, 2004-03-20
				L2/04-200	N2770R	Tai, Kaihsu; Chen, Pochung; Tan-Tenn, Henry (2004-05-29), Response to WG2-N2713 - Combining right dot above
	U+0359	1		L2/03-157		Pantelia, Maria (2003-05-19), Additional Beta Code Characters not in Unicode (WIP)
				L2/03-186R	N2612-4	Pantelia, Maria (2003-06-11), Proposal to encode one additional combining diacritic in the UCS
	U+035A	1		L2/02-364	N2630	Glass, Andrew; Baums, Stefan; Salomon, Richard (2003-09-29), Proposal to add one combining diacritic to the UCS
	U+035B	1		L2/03-219	N2597	Proposal to encode one combining character in the UCS, 2003-06-25
	U+035C	1		L2/02-031		Anderson, Deborah (2002-01-21), TLG Miscellanea Proposal
				L2/02-033		Anderson, Deborah (2002-01-21), TLG Unicode Proposal (draft)
				L2/02-053		Anderson, Deborah (2002-02-04), Description of TLG Documents
				L2/02-273		Pantelia, Maria (2002-07-31), TLG Unicode Proposal
				L2/02-287		Pantelia, Maria (2002-08-09), Proposal Summary Form accompanying TLG Unicode Proposal (L2/02-273)
				L2/02-312R		Pantelia, Maria (2002-11-07), Proposal to encode additional Greek editorial and punctuation characters in the UCS
				L2/03-324	N2642	Pantelia, Maria (2003-10-06), Proposal to encode additional Greek editorial and punctuation characters in the UCS
^ Proposed code points and characters names may differ from final code points and names

See also

• Phonetic symbols in Unicode

References