Christmas Island shrew

Species of mammal

Christmas Island shrew
Conservation status

Critically endangered, possibly extinct  (IUCN 3.1)[1]
Scientific classification Edit this classification
Domain: Eukaryota
Kingdom: Animalia
Phylum: Chordata
Class: Mammalia
Order: Eulipotyphla
Family: Soricidae
Genus: Crocidura
Species:
C. trichura
Binomial name
Crocidura trichura
Dobson, 1889
Christmas Island shrew range
Synonyms

Crocidura fuliginosa trichura
Crocidura attenuata trichura

The Christmas Island shrew (Crocidura trichura), also known as the Christmas Island musk-shrew is an extremely rare or possibly extinct shrew from Christmas Island. It was variously placed as subspecies of the Asian gray shrew (Crocidura attenuata) or the Southeast Asian shrew (Crocidura fuliginosa),[2] but morphological differences and the large distance between the species indicate that it is an entirely distinct species.[3]

Description

The Christmas Island shrew, like other members of the genus Crocidura, is a small short-legged mammal with a distinct pointed muzzle. It has a dark grey to reddish brown colouring. Like all other shrews, the Christmas Island shrew resembles a mouse and weighs in a range between 4.5–6 g (0.16–0.21 oz).[4] The Christmas Island shrew varies from other forms of the species in that it is beset with long fine hairs, and its tail is much greater in length.[5] The typical lifespan for its genus is approximately one year, but Crocidurine shrews have been reported to live for up to two years in the wild.[6]

Habitat

The Christmas Island shrew is a terrestrial animal that occupies tall plateau rainforests with deep soil, as well as the shallow soil of terrace rainforests. It remains unknown if the species can live in secondary growth. This shrew feeds primarily on small beetles and uses holes in rocks and tree roots for shelter.[1]

Status

The most recent specimens of C. trichura were found in 1985, and a survey conducted fifteen years later failed to find any individuals. The current population trend is unknown.[1]

According to Version 3.1 of the IUCN's criteria for critically endangered, endangered, and vulnerable species, C. trichura is critically endangered and possibly extinct.[1]

Causes of endangerment

There is conclusive evidence that Crocidura trichura has declined dramatically since 1900, yet the reason is unproven. After an unconfirmed sighting in 1958, it was rediscovered in 1985 when two specimens were caught. The two individuals later died. Several unconfirmed reports occurred between 1996 and 1998 but a survey undertaken in 2000 failed to find any individuals.[7] The reasons for the population's reduction are unknown but potential threats include disease, habitat loss, habitat alteration due to invasive weeds, predation from species such as cats and black rats, small population size, and mortality from road traffic.[1] Its disappearance in recent times might be caused by the accidentally introduced yellow crazy ant (Anoplolepis gracilipes), which is a dangerous threat for many terrestrial animals on Christmas Island.[7]

Trypanosoma disease

The theory of Durham (1908) and Pickering and Norris (1996) report that the decline of two endemic rats may be attributed to the infection of the Christmas Island shrew, according to local researchers. This forest dwelling mammal was at first thought to have vanished by 1908, probably due to a trypanosoma disease carried by introduced black rats, which is also considered a likely cause of the extinctions of Maclear's rat and the bulldog rat.[7] The initial drop in C. trichura’s population size occurred around the same time as the introduction of the Rattus rattus (the black rat), which carried a murid trypanosome. Evidence of the black rat and/or the parasite causing the Christmas Island shrew's population decline is not solid.[8]

Gecarcoidea natalis

Another theory on the decline of Crocidura trichura is linked to the demise of the two endemic rats, and the competition left amongst the Christmas Island shrew and the Christmas Island red crab (Gecarcoidea natalis) for leaf litter resources. The decline of predator rat species allowed for the quickened rise of G. natalis, a usual prey of the rats.[9] This could have forced C. trichura into new habitats such as tree canopies, or sites with low crab abundances. The population of C. trichura may have been pressured by their vulnerability during weaning.[10] They left the nest immediately and tended to aimlessly wander as juveniles, making them vulnerable to predation by crabs.

Recovery

The Australian Government has adopted a recovery plan for the Christmas Island shrew consisting of two stages of objectives.[4]

Stage 1:[7]

  • Clarify the taxonomic status of the Christmas Island Shrew
  • Clarify the current status and distribution
  • Develop a Wildlife Management program for the habitat
  • Control abundance and spread of Yellow Crazy Ants
  • Implement community awareness program that may assist in the location of previously unknown populations

Stage 2:[7]

  • Establish Captive breeding populations from any wild populations of shrews found
  • Effectively protect and manage wildlife population
  • Identify Habitat critical to survival including shelter, breeding, and foraging habitat
  • Determine and mitigate threatening processes affecting populations

The Australian Government also believes that habitat protection from or eradication of the Yellow Crazy Ant is vital in order for the species to fully recover. The Yellow Ant is known to be extremely destructive to the ecosystem on Christmas Island, often killing land crabs, endemic reptiles, and a wide range of native invertebrate. The Yellow Crazy Ants are believed to be a danger to all mammals, birds, and reptiles on the island because the ants either act as predators to the species or deplete its resources and destroy the habitat in which the species lives, causing loss of life in both scenarios.[11]

References

  1. ^ a b c d e Woinarski, J.; Burbidge, A.A.; Lumsden, L. (2016). "Crocidura trichura". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2016: e.T136379A22304640. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2016-3.RLTS.T136379A22304640.en. Retrieved 12 November 2021.
  2. ^ Francis Harper (1945). Extinct and Vanishing Mammals of the Old World. New York, American Committee for International Wild Life Protection.
  3. ^ Rainer Hutterer (2005). "Crocidura trichura". In D. E. Wilson; D. M. Reeder (eds.). Mammal Species of the World. Johns Hopkins University Press.
  4. ^ a b "Crocidura trichura — Christmas Island Shrew". www.environment.gov.au. Commonwealth of Australia: Department of the Environment. Retrieved 2015-10-29.
  5. ^ Andrews, C. W. 1900. A Monograph of Christmas Island (Indian Ocean). British Museum of Natural History, London, UK.
  6. ^ Meek, Paul (2000). "The Decline and Current Status of the Christmas Island Shrew". Australian Mammalogy. 22 (1): 43-49. doi:10.1071/AM00043.
  7. ^ a b c d e Michael Schulz (2004). National Recovery Plan for the Christmas Island Shrew Crocidura attenuata trichura (PDF). Canberra: Department of the Environment and Heritage. p. 23.
  8. ^ Eldridge, Mark D. B.; Meek, Paul D.; Johnson, Rebecca N. (2014). "Taxonomic Uncertainty and the Loss of Biodiversity on Christmas Island, Indian Ocean". Conservation Biology. 28 (2): 572–579. doi:10.1111/cobi.12177. PMID 24283832.
  9. ^ Meek, Paul (2000). "The Decline and Current Status of the Christmas Island Shrew" (PDF). Australian Mammalogy.
  10. ^ "Full text of "The mammals of China and Mongolia"". archive.org. Retrieved 2015-10-29.
  11. ^ "Invasion of the yellow crazy ant – key threatening process listing | NSW Environment & Heritage". www.environment.nsw.gov.au. Retrieved 2015-10-29.

External links

  • Data related to Christmas Island shrew at Wikispecies
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Extant species of Eulipotyphla
Atelerix
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Mesechinus
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Paraechinus
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Echinosorex
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Hylomys
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Neohylomys
  • Hainan gymnure (N. hainanensis)
Neotetracus
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Otohylomys
  • Long-eared gymnure (O. megalotis)
Podogymnura
  • Dinagat gymnure (P. aureospinula)
  • Mindanao gymnure (P. truei)
Crocidura
(White-toothed
shrews)
  • Cyrenaica shrew (C. aleksandrisi)
  • East African highland shrew (C. allex)
  • Andaman shrew (C. andamanensis)
  • C. annamitensis
  • Ansell's shrew (C. ansellorum)
  • Arabian shrew (C. arabica)
  • Jackass shrew (C. arispa)
  • Armenian shrew (C. armenica)
  • Asian gray shrew (C. attenuata)
  • Hun shrew (C. attila)
  • Bailey's shrew (C. baileyi)
  • Kinabalu shrew (C. baluensis)
  • Batak shrew (C. batakorum)
  • Mindanao shrew (C. beatus)
  • Beccari's shrew (C. beccarii)
  • Bottego's shrew (C. bottegi)
  • Bale shrew (C. bottegoides)
  • Thick-tailed shrew (C. brunnea)
  • Buettikofer's shrew (C. buettikoferi)
  • African dusky shrew (C. caliginea)
  • Canarian shrew (C. canariensis)
  • Caspian shrew (C. caspica)
  • Cinderella shrew (C. cinderella)
  • Congo white-toothed shrew (C. congobelgica)
  • C. cranbrooki
  • Long-footed shrew (C. crenata)
  • Crosse's shrew (C. crossei)
  • Reddish-gray musk shrew (C. cyanea)
  • Dent's shrew (C. denti)
  • Desperate shrew (C. desperata)
  • Dhofar shrew (C. dhofarensis)
  • Long-tailed musk shrew (C. dolichura)
  • Doucet's musk shrew (C. douceti)
  • Dsinezumi shrew (C. dsinezumi)
  • Eisentraut's shrew (C. eisentrauti)
  • Elgon shrew (C. elgonius)
  • Elongated shrew (C. elongata)
  • Heather shrew (C. erica)
  • Fischer's shrew (C. fischeri)
  • Greater red musk shrew (C. flavescens)
  • Flower's shrew (C. floweri)
  • Bornean shrew (C. foetida)
  • Fox's shrew (C. foxi)
  • Southeast Asian shrew (C. fuliginosa)
  • Savanna shrew (C. fulvastra)
  • Smoky white-toothed shrew (C. fumosa)
  • Bicolored musk shrew (C. fuscomurina)
  • Glass's shrew (C. glassi)
  • Gmelin's white-toothed shrew (C. gmelini)
  • Goliath shrew (C. goliath)
  • Peters's musk shrew (C. gracilipes)
  • Large-headed shrew (C. grandiceps)
  • Greater Mindanao shrew (C. grandis)
  • Grasse's shrew (C. grassei)
  • Luzon shrew (C. grayi)
  • Greenwood's shrew (C. greenwoodi)
  • C. guy
  • Harenna shrew (C. harenna)
  • C. hikmiya
  • Hildegarde's shrew (C. hildegardeae)
  • Hill's shrew (C. hilliana)
  • Lesser red musk shrew (C. hirta)
  • Andaman spiny shrew (C. hispida)
  • Horsfield's shrew (C. horsfieldii)
  • Hutan shrew (C. hutanis)
  • North African white-toothed shrew (C. ichnusae)
  • Indochinese shrew (C. indochinensis)
  • Jackson's shrew (C. jacksoni)
  • Jenkins's shrew (C. jenkinsi)
  • Jouvenet's shrew (C. jouvenetae)
  • Katinka's shrew (C. katinka)
  • Ke Go shrew (C. kegoensis)
  • Kivu shrew (C. kivuana)
  • Lamotte's shrew (C. lamottei)
  • Kivu long-haired shrew (C. lanosa)
  • Ussuri white-toothed shrew (C. lasiura)
  • Latona's shrew (C. latona)
  • Sulawesi shrew (C. lea)
  • Sumatran giant shrew (C. lepidura)
  • Bicolored shrew (C. leucodon)
  • Sulawesi tiny shrew (C. levicula)
  • Butiaba naked-tailed shrew (C. littoralis)
  • Savanna swamp shrew (C. longipes)
  • Lucina's shrew (C. lucina)
  • Ludia's shrew (C. ludia)
  • Moonshine shrew (C. luna)
  • Mauritanian shrew (C. lusitania)
  • MacArthur's shrew (C. macarthuri)
  • MacMillan's shrew (C. macmillani)
  • Nyiro shrew (C. macowi)
  • Malayan shrew (C. malayana)
  • Manenguba shrew (C. manengubae)
  • Makwassie musk shrew (C. maquassiensis)
  • Swamp musk shrew (C. mariquensis)
  • Gracile naked-tailed shrew (C. maurisca)
  • Javanese shrew (C. maxi)
  • Mindoro shrew (C. mindorus)
  • Sri Lankan long-tailed shrew (C. miya)
  • Kilimanjaro shrew (C. monax)
  • Sunda shrew (C. monticola)
  • Montane white-toothed shrew (C. montis)
  • West African long-tailed shrew (C. muricauda)
  • Mossy forest shrew (C. musseri)
  • Ugandan musk shrew (C. mutesae)
  • Somali dwarf shrew (C. nana)
  • Savanna dwarf shrew (C. nanilla)
  • Peninsular shrew (C. negligens)
  • Negros shrew (C. negrina)
  • Nicobar shrew (C. nicobarica)
  • Nigerian shrew (C. nigeriae)
  • Blackish white-toothed shrew (C. nigricans)
  • Black-footed shrew (C. nigripes)
  • African black shrew (C. nigrofusca)
  • Nimba shrew (C. nimbae)
  • Niobe's shrew (C. niobe)
  • West African pygmy shrew (C. obscurior)
  • African giant shrew (C. olivieri)
  • Oriental shrew (C. orientalis)
  • Ryukyu shrew (C. orii)
  • Palawan shrew (C. palawanensis)
  • Panay shrew (C. panayensis)
  • Sumatran long-tailed shrew (C. paradoxura)
  • Small-footed shrew (C. parvipes)
  • Sahelian tiny shrew (C. pasha)
  • Pale gray shrew (C. pergrisea)
  • Guramba shrew (C. phaeura)
  • C. phanluongi
  • Phu Hoc shrew (C. phuquocensis)
  • Cameroonian shrew (C. picea)
  • Pitman's shrew (C. pitmani)
  • Flat-headed shrew (C. planiceps)
  • Fraser's musk shrew (C. poensis)
  • Polia's shrew (C. polia)
  • Kashmir white-toothed shrew (C. pullata)
  • Rainey's shrew (C. raineyi)
  • Negev shrew (C. ramona)
  • Chinese white-toothed shrew (C. rapax)
  • Egyptian pygmy shrew (C. religiosa)
  • Sulawesi white-handed shrew (C. rhoditis)
  • Roosevelt's shrew (C. roosevelti)
  • Greater white-toothed shrew (C. russula)
  • Ugandan lowland shrew (C. selina)
  • Lesser rock shrew (C. serezkyensis)
  • Asian lesser white-toothed shrew (C. shantungensis)
  • Siberian shrew (C. sibirica)
  • Sicilian shrew (C. sicula)
  • Lesser gray-brown musk shrew (C. silacea)
  • Desert musk shrew (C. smithii)
  • Sokolov's shrew (C. sokolovi)
  • Somali shrew (C. somalica)
  • Kahuzi swamp shrew (C. stenocephala)
  • Lesser white-toothed shrew (C. suaveolens)
  • Iranian shrew (C. susiana)
  • Tanzanian shrew (C. tansaniana)
  • Tarella shrew (C. tarella)
  • Saharan shrew (C. tarfayensis)
  • Telford's shrew (C. telfordi)
  • Timor shrew (C. tenuis)
  • Thalia's shrew (C. thalia)
  • Therese's shrew (C. theresae)
  • São Tomé shrew (C. thomensis)
  • Christmas Island shrew (C. trichura)
  • Turbo shrew (C. turba)
  • Ultimate shrew (C. ultima)
  • Usambara shrew (C. usambarae)
  • Savanna path shrew (C. viaria)
  • Mamfe shrew (C. virgata)
  • Voi shrew (C. voi)
  • Voracious shrew (C. vorax)
  • Banka shrew (C. vosmaeri)
  • Lesser Ryukyu shrew (C. watasei)
  • Whitaker's shrew (C. whitakeri)
  • Wimmer's shrew (C. wimmeri)
  • Hainan Island shrew (C. wuchihensis)
  • Xanthippe's shrew (C. xantippe)
  • Yankari shrew (C. yankariensis)
  • Mikhail Zaitsev's shrew (C. zaitsevi )
  • Zaphir's shrew (C. zaphiri)
  • Zarudny's rock shrew (C. zarudnyi)
  • Upemba shrew (C. zimmeri)
  • Cretan shrew (C. zimmermanni)
Diplomesodon
  • Piebald shrew (D. pulchellus)
Feroculus
  • Kelaart's long-clawed shrew (F. feroculus)
Palawanosorex
  • Palawan moss shrew (P. muscorum)
Paracrocidura
(Large-headed
shrews)
  • Grauer's large-headed shrew (P. graueri)
  • Greater large-headed shrew (P. maxima)
  • Lesser large-headed shrew (P. schoutedeni)
Ruwenzorisorex
  • Ruwenzori shrew (R. suncoides)
Scutisorex
  • Hero shrew (S. somereni)
  • Thor's hero shrew (S. thori)
Solisorex
  • Pearson's long-clawed shrew (S. pearsoni)
Suncus
  • Taita shrew (S. aequatorius)
  • Black shrew (S. ater)
  • Day's shrew (S. dayi)
  • Etruscan shrew (S. etruscus)
  • Sri Lankan shrew (S. fellowesgordoni)
  • Bornean pygmy shrew (S. hosei)
  • Least dwarf shrew (S. infinitesimus)
  • Greater dwarf shrew (S. lixus)
  • Madagascan pygmy shrew (S. madagascariensis)
  • Malayan pygmy shrew (S. malayanus)
  • Climbing shrew (S. megalura)
  • Flores shrew (S. mertensi)
  • Asian highland shrew (S. montanus)
  • Asian house shrew (S. murinus)
  • Remy's pygmy shrew (S. remyi)
  • Anderson's shrew (S. stoliczkanus)
  • Lesser dwarf shrew (S. varilla)
  • Jungle shrew (S. zeylanicus)
Sylvisorex
(Forest shrews)
  • Dudu Akaibe's pygmy shrew (S. akaibei)
  • Cameroonian forest shrew (S. cameruniensis)
  • Corbet's forest shrew (S. corbeti)
  • Grant's forest shrew (S. granti)
  • Howell's forest shrew (S. howelli)
  • Bioko forest shrew (S. isabellae)
  • Johnston's forest shrew (S. johnstoni)
  • Kongana shrew (S. konganensis)
  • Moon forest shrew (S. lunaris)
  • Mount Cameroon forest shrew (S. morio)
  • Greater forest shrew (S. ollula)
  • Lesser forest shrew (S. oriundus)
  • Rain forest shrew (S. pluvialis)
  • Volcano shrew (S. vulcanorum)
Anourosoricini
Anourosorex
(Asian mole shrews)
  • Assam mole shrew (A. assamensis)
  • Giant mole shrew (A. schmidi)
  • Chinese mole shrew (A. squamipes)
  • Taiwanese mole shrew (A. yamashinai)
Blarinellini
Blarinella
(Asiatic short-tailed
shrews)
  • Indochinese short-tailed shrew (B. griselda)
  • Asiatic short-tailed shrew (B. quadraticauda)
  • Burmese short-tailed shrew (B. wardi)
Blarinini
Blarina
(American short-tailed
shrews)
  • Northern short-tailed shrew (B. brevicauda)
  • Southern short-tailed shrew (B. carolinensis)
  • Elliot's short-tailed shrew (B. hylophaga)
  • Everglades short-tailed shrew (B. peninsulae)
  • Sherman's short-tailed shrew (B. shermani)
Cryptotis
(Small-eared
shrews)
C. mexicana group
Mexican small-eared shrew (C. mexicana)
Nelson's small-eared shrew (C. nelsoni)
Grizzled Mexican small-eared shrew (C. obscura)
Phillips' small-eared shrew (C. phillipsii)
C. goldmani set
Central Mexican broad-clawed shrew (C. alticola)
Goldman's broad-clawed shrew (C. goldmani)
Goodwin's broad-clawed shrew (C. goodwini)
Guatemalan broad-clawed shrew (C. griseoventris)
C. lacertosus
C. mam
Oaxacan broad-clawed shrew (C. peregrina)
C. nigrescens group
Eastern Cordillera small-footed shrew (C. brachyonyx)
Colombian small-eared shrew (C. colombiana)
Honduran small-eared shrew (C. hondurensis)
Yucatan small-eared shrew (C. mayensis)
Darién small-eared shrew (C. mera)
Merriam's small-eared shrew (C. merriami)
Blackish small-eared shrew (C. nigrescens)
C. thomasi group
Southern Colombian small-eared shrew (C. andinus)
Ecuadorian small-eared shrew (C. equatoris)
Rainer's small-eared shrew (C. huttereri)
Medellín small-eared shrew (C. medellinia)
Merida small-eared shrew (C. meridensis)
Wandering small-eared shrew (C. montivaga)
Peruvian small-eared shrew (C. peruviensis)
Scaly-footed small-eared shrew (C. squaipes)
Tamá small-eared shrew (C. tamensis)
Thomas's small-eared shrew (C. thomasi)
C. parva group
Central American least shrew (C. orophila)
North American least shrew (C. parva)
Tropical small-eared shrew (C. tropicalis)
Ungrouped / relict
Enders's small-eared shrew (C. endersi)
Talamancan small-eared shrew (C. gracilis)
Big Mexican small-eared shrew (C. magna)
Nectogalini
Chimarrogale
(Asiatic water
shrews)
  • Malayan water shrew (C. hantu)
  • Himalayan water shrew (C. himalayica)
  • Bornean water shrew (C. phaeura)
  • Japanese water shrew (C. platycephalus)
  • Chinese water shrew (C. styani)
  • Sumatran water shrew (C. sumatrana)
Chodsigoa
  • Van Sung's shrew (C. caovansunga)
  • De Winton's shrew (C. hypsibia)
  • Lamulate shrew (C. lamula)
  • Lowe's shrew (C. parca)
  • Pygmy brown-toothed shrew (C. parva)
  • Salenski's shrew (C. salenskii)
  • Smith's shrew (C. smithii)
  • Lesser Taiwanese shrew (C. sodalis)
Episoriculus
  • Hodgsons's brown-toothed shrew (E. caudatus)
  • Taiwanese brown-toothed shrew (E. fumidus)
  • Long-tailed brown-toothed shrew (E. leucops)
  • Long-tailed mountain shrew (E. macrurus)
Nectogale
  • Elegant water shrew (N. elegans)
Neomys
  • Mediterranean water shrew (N. anomalus)
  • Eurasian water shrew (N. fodiens)
  • Transcaucasian water shrew (N. teres)
Soriculus
  • Himalayan shrew (S. nigrescens)
Notiosoricini
Megasorex
  • Mexican shrew (M. gigas)
Notiosorex
  • Cockrum's gray shrew (N. cockrumi)
  • Crawford's gray shrew (N. crawfordi)
  • Large-eared gray shrew (N. evotis)
  • Villa's gray shrew (N. villai)
Sorex
(Long-tailed
shrews)
Subgenus
Otisorex
  • Long-tailed shrew (S. dispar)
  • Smoky shrew (S. fumeus)
  • American pygmy shrew (S. hoyi)
  • Large-toothed shrew (S. macrodon)
  • Carmen mountain shrew (S. milleri)
  • Dwarf shrew (S. nanus)
  • Mexican long-tailed shrew (S. oreopolus)
  • Orizaba long-tailed shrew (S. orizabae)
  • Ornate shrew (S. ornatus)
  • Inyo shrew (S. tenellus)
  • Verapaz shrew (S. veraepacis)
S. vagrans complex
Glacier Bay water shrew (S. alaskanus)
Baird's shrew (S. bairdii)
Marsh shrew (S. bendirii)
Montane shrew (S. monticolus)
New Mexico shrew (S. neomexicanus)
Pacific shrew (S. pacificus)
American water shrew (S. palustris)
Fog shrew (S. sonomae)
Vagrant shrew (S. vagrans)
S. cinereus group
Kamchatka shrew (S. camtschatica)
Cinereus shrew (S. cinereus)
Prairie shrew (S. haydeni)
Saint Lawrence Island shrew (S. jacksoni)
Paramushir shrew (S. leucogaster)
Southeastern shrew (S. longirostris)
Mount Lyell shrew (S. lyelli)
Portenko's shrew (S. portenkoi)
Preble's shrew (S. preblei)
Pribilof Island shrew (S. pribilofensis)
Olympic shrew (S. rohweri)
Barren ground shrew (S. ugyunak)
Subgenus
Sorex
  • Dneper common shrew (S. averini)
  • Lesser striped shrew (S. bedfordiae)
  • Greater stripe-backed shrew (S. cylindricauda)
  • Chinese highland shrew (S. excelsus)
  • Azumi shrew (S. hosonoi)
  • Chinese shrew (S. sinalis)
  • Alaska tiny shrew (S. yukonicus)
S. alpinus group
Alpine shrew (S. alpinus)
Ussuri shrew (S. mirabilis)
S. araneus group
Valais shrew (S. antinorii)
Common shrew (S. araneus)
Udine shrew (S. arunchi)
Crowned shrew (S. coronatus)
Siberian large-toothed shrew (S. daphaenodon)
Iberian shrew (S. granarius)
Caucasian shrew (S. satunini)
S. arcticus group
Arctic shrew (S. arcticus)
Maritime shrew (S. maritimensis)
S. tundrensis group
Tien Shan shrew (S. asper)
Gansu shrew (S. cansulus)
Tundra shrew (S. tundrensis)
S. minutus group
Buchara shrew (S. buchariensis)
Kozlov's shrew (S. kozlovi)
Caucasian pygmy shrew (S. volnuchini)
S. caecutiens group
Laxmann's shrew (S. caecutiens)
Taiga shrew (S. isodon)
Eurasian least shrew (S. minutissimus)
Eurasian pygmy shrew (S. minutus)
Flat-skulled shrew (S. roboratus)
Shinto shrew (S. shinto)
Long-clawed shrew (S. unguiculatus)
S. gracillimus group
Slender shrew (S. gracillimus)
S. raddei group
Radde's shrew (S. raddei)
S. samniticus group
Apennine shrew (S. samniticus)
incertae sedis
  • Arizona shrew (S. arizonae)
  • Zacatecas shrew (S. emarginatus)
  • Merriam's shrew (S. merriami)
  • Kashmir pygmy shrew (S. planiceps)
  • Saussure's shrew (S. saussurei)
  • Sclater's shrew (S. sclateri)
  • San Cristobal shrew (S. stizodon)
  • Tibetan shrew (S. thibetanus)
  • Trowbridge's shrew (S. trowbridgii)
  • Chestnut-bellied shrew (S. ventralis)
  • Veracruz shrew (S. veraecrucis)
Congosorex
(Congo shrews)
  • Phillips's shrew (C. phillipsorum)
  • Greater Congo shrew (C. polli)
  • Lesser Congo shrew (C. verheyeni)
Myosorex
(Mouse shrews)
  • Babault's mouse shrew (M. babaulti)
  • Montane mouse shrew (M. blarina)
  • Bururi forest shrew (M. bururiensis)
  • Dark-footed mouse shrew (M. cafer)
  • Eisentraut's mouse shrew (M. eisentrauti)
  • Geata mouse shrew (M. geata)
  • Nyika mouse shrew (M. gnoskei)
  • Kihaule's mouse shrew (M. kihaulei)
  • Long-tailed forest shrew (M. longicaudatus)
  • Oku mouse shrew (M. okuensis)
  • Rumpi mouse shrew (M. rumpii)
  • Schaller's mouse shrew (M. schalleri)
  • Sclater's mouse shrew (M. sclateri)
  • Thin mouse shrew (M. tenuis)
  • Forest shrew (M. varius)
  • Kilimanjaro mouse shrew (M. zinki)
Surdisorex
(African mole
shrews)
  • Aberdare mole shrew (S. norae)
  • Mount Kenya mole shrew (S. polulus)
Scalopinae
(New World moles
and relatives)
Condylura
  • Star-nosed mole (C. cristata)
Parascalops
  • Hairy-tailed mole (P. breweri)
Scalopus
  • Eastern mole (S. aquaticus)
Scapanulus
  • Gansu mole (S. oweni)
Scapanus
(Western North
American moles)
  • Broad-footed mole (S. latimanus)
  • Coast mole (S. orarius)
  • Townsend's mole (S. townsendii)
Talpinae
(Old World moles
and relatives)
Desmana
  • Russian desman (D. moschata)
Dymecodon
  • True's shrew mole (D. pilirostris)
Euroscaptor
  • Greater Chinese mole (E. grandis)
  • Kloss's mole (E. klossi)
  • Long-nosed mole (E. longirostris)
  • Himalayan mole (E. micrura)
  • Small-toothed mole (E. parvidens)
  • Vietnamese mole (E. subanura)
Galemys
  • Pyrenean desman (G. pyrenaicus)
Mogera
  • Echigo mole (M. etigo)
  • Insular mole (M. insularis)
  • Kano mole (M. kanoana)
  • Kobe mole (M. kobeae)
  • Small Japanese mole (M. imaizumii)
  • Large mole (M. robusta)
  • Sado mole (M. tokudae)
  • Japanese mole (M. wogura)
  • Senkaku mole (M. uchidai)
Neurotrichus
  • American shrew mole (N. gibbsii)
Oreoscaptor
  • Japanese mountain mole (O. mizura)
Parascaptor
  • White-tailed mole (P. leucura)
Scaptochirus
  • Short-faced mole (S. moschatus)
Scaptonyx
  • Long-tailed mole (S. fusicaudus)
Talpa
  • Altai mole (T. altaica)
  • Aquitanian mole (T. aquitania)
  • Blind mole (T. caeca)
  • Caucasian mole (T. caucasica)
  • European mole (T. europaea)
  • Père David's mole (T. davidiana)
  • Levant mole (T. levantis)
  • Martino's mole (T. martinorum)
  • Spanish mole (T. occidentalis)
  • Ognev's mole (T. ognevi)
  • Roman mole (T. romana)
  • Balkan mole (T. stankovici)
  • Talysch mole (T. talyschensis)
Urotrichus
  • Japanese shrew mole (U. talpoides)
Uropsilinae
(Chinese shrew-like
moles)
  • Equivalent-teeth shrew mole (U. aequodonenia)
  • Anderson's shrew mole (U. andersoni)
  • Black-backed shrew mole (U. atronates)
  • Dabie Mountains shrew mole (U. dabieshanensis)
  • Gracile shrew mole (U. gracilis)
  • Inquisitive shrew mole (U. investigator)
  • Snow Mountain shrew mole (U. nivatus)
  • Chinese shrew mole (U. soricipes)
Atopogale
  • Cuban solenodon (A. cubana)
Solenodon
  • Hispaniolan solenodon (S. paradoxus)
Taxon identifiers
Crocidura trichura